Acute and Chronic Inflammation and Tissue Repair Flashcards
Celsus
Rubor, calor tumor, dolor
Rudolf Virchow
Functiolaesa
Inflmmation is not a disease but a nonspecific response that has a salutary effect on its host
John Hunter
Discovered phagocytosis
Elie Metchnikoff
Established that chemical substances mediate vascular changes of inflammation
Sir Thomas Lewis
Five steps of the inflammatory response
- Recognition of the injurious agent
- Recruitment of leukocytes
- Removal of the agent
- Regulation of the response
- Resolution
Phases of acute inflammation
Initiation
Amplification
Destruction
Termination
Results in activation of soluble mediators and recruitment of inflammatory cells to the area
Initiation
Additional leukocytes and macrophages are recruited to the area
Amplification
T/F: Termination of inflammatory response occurs when the offending agent is eliminated
True
Outcome of acute inflammation
Elimination of the noxious stimuli followed by decline of the reaction and repair of the damaged tissue, or
Persistent injury resulting in chronic inflammation
Important receptors for sensing microbes, which when engaged, signals pathways to produce various mediators
Toll-like receptors
Activates caspase 1
Inflammasome
Cleaves inflammatory cytokine il-1B into its biologically active form
Caspase 1
Produced in mild injuries such as sunburn
Exudation
Escape of fluid, proteins, and blood cells from the vascular system into the interstitial tissue or body cavities
Exudation
Ultrafiltration of blood plasma that results from osmotic or hydrostatic imbalance without an increase in vascular permeability
Transudation
T/F: Edema can either be an exudate or transudate
True
T/F: Protein concentration in transudate is increased
False
Earliest vascular response to mild skin injury
Transient vasoconstriction of arterioles at the site of injury
T/F: Transient vasoconstriction or arterioles at the site of injury is mediated by both neurogenic and chemical mediator systems
True
