Actus Reus

Question 1

Actus Reus

Answer 1

The physical element of the crime

Question 2

Act definition and cases

Answer 2

In order for a defendant to be criminally liable, his conduct must be voluntary
Definition case - Bratty
Voluntary - Hill v Baxter
Involuntary - Leicester v Pearson

Question 3

Omissions where it does and doesn’t apply

Answer 3

Not acting/ failing to act

Only liable if they have a duty to act

Question 4

Contractual duty and case

Answer 4

R v Pittwood

Question 5

Duty to act arising from a relationship, key points and case

Answer 5

Being depends on someone
Parent + child
R v Gibbins + Proctor

Question 6

Duty from voluntary assumption and responsibility, key points and cases

Answer 6

Has to be voluntarily

R v Stone + Dobinson

Question 7

Duty arising from public office, key points and case

Answer 7

Police, army, navy

R v Dytham

Question 8

Duty to act arising from creating a dangerous situation and cases

Answer 8

R v Miller

DPP v Santana Bermudez

Question 9

State of affairs definition and cases

Answer 9

This is where D is guilty of a crime just on a basis that a certain situation exists
R v Larsonneur
Winzar

Question 10

Mnemonic for all the duties

Answer 10

Crazy - contractual 
Rhinos - relationship
Vs - voluntary 
Pink - public office
Crocodiles - creating a dangerous situation