Activities of all modules

Question 1

A client asks you about the difference between a generic drug and a trade- or brand- name drug. Which of the following are true regarding generic drugs? (Select all that apply.)

Answer 1

Have the same chemical composition as the brand-name drug/ May have several brand names/ Are usually less expensive than a brand-name drug

Question 2

Distribution

Answer 2

The movement of a drug by the circulatory system to its intended site of action

Question 3

Metabolism

Answer 3

The change of a drug into a more or less potent or more soluble form after it passes through the liver, kidneys, intestinal mucosa, or other body part

Question 4

Excretion

Answer 4

The removal of the drug or its metabolites through the kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, skin, or lungs

Question 5

Absorption

Answer 5

The movement of a drug from the site of administration into the circulatory system

Question 6

A client with glaucoma asks you about taking oxybutynin, a muscarinic antagonist, to manage an overactive bladder. You explain that glaucoma is a contraindication for taking oxybutynin. Primary care providers should not prescribe contraindicated drugs because of their potential for which of the following?

Answer 6

Serious adverse reactions

Question 7

Trough drug level

Answer 7

The point in time when a drug is at its lowest level in the body

Question 8

Duration of action

Answer 8

The length of time the drug’s therapeutic effect lasts.

Question 9

Onset of action

Answer 9

The time it takes for a drug to demonstrate a therapeutic response

Question 10

Peak drug level

Answer 10

The time it takes a drug to demonstrate its full therapeutic effect

Question 11

You note that a primary care provider prescribed morphine sulfate, an opioid agonist, to relieve a client’s postoperative pain. Which of the following actions describes the action of an agonist on a receptor?

Answer 11

Activates the receptor

Question 12

A client who has a peanut allergy comes to the emergency department with suspected anaphylactic shock. Which of the following actions should you anticipate taking? (Select all that apply.)

Answer 12

Initiate oxygen therapy to support respiratory function./ Administer epinephrine to increase blood pressure./ Give diphenhydramine to stop histamine release./ Establish and maintain an open airway to ensure oxygenation.

Question 13

You are talking with a client about taking tetracycline along with an antacid. You tell the client not to take these two drugs at the same time because the antacid can reduce the absorption of tetracycline. When one drug reduces the effect of another drug, it is

Answer 13

an antagonistic effect.

Question 14

Primary care providers prescribe drug dosages for children using which of the following information? (Select all that apply.)

Answer 14

Body surface area/ Age/ Weight/ Drug properties

Question 15

An older client may be at risk for drug toxicity due to which of the following physiologic changes associated with aging?

Answer 15

Reduced hepatic blood flow

Question 16

You are helping a client learn how to give himself an insulin injection. Which of the following is the best method for evaluating effective learning?

Answer 16

Have the client demonstrate an insulin injection.

Question 17

Which of the following assessments of this client is most important immediately following the administration of intravenous diazepam?

Answer 17

Respiratory rate

Question 18

The health care professional is about to administer a loading dose of phenytoin IV. Which of the following is essential for the health care professional to do before administering phenytoin IV?

Answer 18

Infuse phenytoin slowly.

Question 19

The health care professional is now assessing the client. Which of the following findings can be an early indication of phenytoin toxicity?

Answer 19

Nystagmus

Question 20

The health care professional is talking with the client, who is soon to be discharged to home, about the adverse effects of phenytoin. Which of the following instructions may help minimize the adverse effects of phenytoin?

Answer 20

Use good oral hygiene.

Question 21

Which laboratory tests should you monitor for a client who is taking interferon beta- 1b to treat multiple sclerosis? (Select all that apply.)

Answer 21

Thyroid hormones/ Liver function/ CBC

Question 22

While obtaining a client’s medical history, you find that the client is taking levodopa/carbidopa for Parkinson’s disease. Which information in the client’s health history alerts you to take further action?

Answer 22

Glaucoma

Question 23

At a visit to the provider’s office, an older adult client’s partner reports that the client has nausea, diarrhea, and a loss of appetite. He has a history of Alzheimer’s disease and is taking donepezil. Which information should be provided by the nurse?

Answer 23

Take the drug with food.

Question 24

You are instructing a client who has multiple sclerosis about how dantrolene will help control spasticity. With which mechanism is this drug effective in treating this manifestation?

Answer 24

Alters intracellular calcium exchange at the muscles

Question 25

You are caring for a client who is preoperative and is NPO. The client takes carbamazepine, 200 mg PO BID for a seizure disorder. Which action should the nurse take?

Answer 25

Give the oral dose of carbamazepine with a sip of water.

Question 26

You are instructing a school-age child and his parent about the use of amphetamine- dextroamphetamine to manage the child’s attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse instruct the parent to report? (Select all that apply.)

Answer 26

Weight loss/ Insomnia/ Hallucinations

Question 27

Dopamine receptor agonist

Answer 27

Reduces the effects of Parkinson’s disease

Question 28

Cholinesterase inhibitor

Answer 28

Helps minimize symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease

Question 29

Immunomodulator

Answer 29

Reduces symptoms of multiple sclerosis

Question 30

Hydantoin

Answer 30

Controls seizures

Question 31

A primary care provider prescribes sumatriptan to treat a client’s migraine headaches. Which instructions should the nurse include when telling the client how to take sumatriptan? (Select all that apply.)

Answer 31

Take the drug after onset of the migraine./ Repeat the dose once if the headache returns.

Question 32

A client receives spinal anesthesia with lidocaine and epinephrine. You explain that epinephrine is used with lidocaine for which of the following reasons?

Answer 32

Prolongs the anesthetic effects

Question 33

Fentanyl

Answer 33

Anesthesia or cancer pain management

Question 34

Amphetamine/dextroamphetamine sulfate

Answer 34

Attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder

Question 35

Baclofen

Answer 35

Muscle spams

Question 36

Dantrolene

Answer 36

Malignant hyperthermia

Question 37

A client is to start taking amitriptyline. For which of the following should you instruct the client to watch for and report? (Select all that apply.)

Answer 37

Blurred vision/ Urinary hesitancy/Tachycardia

Question 38

Early clinical manifestations of lithium toxicity include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Answer 38

Nausea/ Muscle weakness

Question 39

During an assessment of a client taking chlorpromazine, you note a slow shuffling gait, rigid facial expression, and fine tremors. These manifestations indicate which of the following?

Answer 39

Parkinsonism

Question 40

Which of the following drugs blocks beta- adrenergic receptors and thereby decreases intraocular pressure (IOP) by reducing the amount of aqueous humor produced?

Answer 40

Betaxolol

Question 41

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors

Answer 41

Depression

Question 42

Cholinergic agonists

Answer 42

Glaucoma

Question 43

Antipsychotics

Answer 43

Schizophrenia

Question 44

Benzodiazepines

Answer 44

Anxiety disorders

Question 45

You are instructing a client about taking phenelzine to treat depression. Which of the following foods should you tell the client to avoid?

Answer 45

Aged cheese