Activate 1 - Chapter B1 - Cells Flashcards
Resolution
It is when you record how did the thing moves or does it
Organism
An organism is a group of systems that helps the body
Nucleus
It controls the cell and contains genetic material
Cytoplasm
This is a ‘jelly-like’ substance where the chemical reaction in a cell takes place.
Cell Membrane
This is a barrier around the cell. It controls what can come in and out of the cell.
Mitochondria
This is where respiration happens. Respirations is a reaction that transfers energy for the organisms.
MRS GREN
It is how to remember the features of living organisms: Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion and Nutrition.
Cell Wall
This strengthens the cell and provides support. It is made of a tough fibre called cellulose, which makes the wall rigid.
Vacuole
This contains a watery liquid called sep. It keeps the cell firm.
Chloroplast
This is where photosynthesis happens. Chloroplast contain a green substance called chlorophyll, which traps energy transferred from the sun.
Microscope
A microscope is an apparatus that you look through and you can see something inside a thin layer.
Specimen
It is the object that you will look through the microscope.
Slide
A slide is where you place the object after when you done 3 drops of iodine.
Cells
Animals and Plants are made out of cells. Cells form the basic “building blocks” for living things. Some cells have specialised functions.
Unicellular Organisms
A unicellular organism is an organism that is made up of just one cell. It is not a plant or an animal, as these are made up of lots of cells.
Specialised Cell
A specialised cell is a cell that is specialised to do a job in the body.
Nerve Cell Adaptations
They are long and thin and have connections at each end where they can join to other nerve cells. This allows them to transmit messages around the body.
Egg Cell Adaptations
To join with male cell, and then to provide food for the new cell that’s been formed.
Sperm Cell Adaptations
Sperm cells carry male genetic material. They have a streamlined head and a long tail. This allows the cell to move through a liquid. They contain lots other mitochondria to transfer energy. This allows the tail to ‘swim’. When the sperm cell meets an egg cell, the head of the sperm burrows into the egg.
Root Hair Cell Adaptation
Root hair cells absorbs water and nutrients from soil. The root hair creates a large surface area for absorbing water and nutrients. They have no chloroplasts as there is no light underground, so these cells do not carry out photosynthesis.
Multicellular
Multicellular are cells that there is more than 1 cell.
Red Blood Cell Adaptations
Red blood cells transports oxygen around the body. They contain haemoglobin, a red pigment that joins to oxygen. Unlike most animal cells they have no nucleus. They also have a disc-like shape. This increases their surface area for carrying oxygen
Diffusion
Diffusion is the process by which substances move down a concentration gradient, from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Diffusion happens in living systems, for example, it explains the movement of carbon dioxide in leaves.
Rate of Diffusion
At high temperatures, particles are moving more quickly. Perfume particles leaving warm skin travel faster than perfume particles leaving a cold bottle.
Binary Fission
Bacteria Reproduction. Bacteria reproduce by binary fission. This means that one cell splits into two new cells.
Concentration
A measure of the number of a substance in a given volume.
Flagella/Flagellum
A tail-like structure that allows euglenas to move.
