Action Theories Flashcards

Question

What is here and now in reality therapy?

Answer 1

 Keeping the therapy in the present * We are products of our past, but we are not able to change our past * Dwelling on the past is attractive because it prevents clients from dealing with real problems in present relationships * We are not victims of the past unless we presently choose to be

Answer 2

 Reality therapy holds that all people are born with the following five basic needs that are fixed at birth. The relative strengths of these five needs give people their different personalities.  5 Basic Needs * Belonging * Loving and being loved; having contact, connections, interactions, and relationships with people * Power/Achievement * Feelings of accomplishment and competence, self-esteem, success, and control over one’s own life * Fun/Enjoyment * Pleasure the ability to laugh, play, and appreciate being human * Freedom/Independence * The ability to make choices; to live without excessive and unnecessary limits or constraints * Survival * The essentials of life,, including good health, food, air, shelter, safety, security, and physical comfort  Reality therapy takes on the position that all human behavior is purposeful and directed at meeting one or more of the fundamental needs.

Answer 3

Mental Illness, Basic Needs, Quality World, Total Behavior and Goals

Answer 4

 Mental illness allows us to avoid doing what we are afraid to do.  Saying “I am depressed”, “I am angry”, “I am anxious” * implies passivity and lack of personal responsibility, and it is inaccurate. * Verb forms depressing, headaching, angering, and anxietying are used to describe them. * When people choose “paining” behaviors, it is because  these are the best behaviors they are able to devise at the time,  these behaviors often get them what they want.

Answer 5

 GLASSER DESCRIBES THE QUALITY WORLD AS A "PERSONAL PICTURE ALBUM" OF ALL THE PEOPLE, THINGS, IDEAS, AND IDEALS THAT WE HAVE DISCOVERED INCREASE THE QUALITY OF OUR LIVES. WHILE THE BASIC HUMAN NEEDS ARE THE GENERAL MOTIVATION FOR ALL HUMAN BEHAVIOR, THE QUALITY WORLD REFERS TO SPECIFIC MOTIVATIONS – THE MOTIVATIONS ARE THE ENGINE THAT DRIVE TOTAL BEHAVIOR.

Answer 6

* WDEP is an acronym used to describe key procedures that can be used in the practice of reality therapy. * “W” what do you want?  W= Wants and hopes * Discussing wants, needs and perceptions  “What do you want?”  “If you were the person that you wish you were, what kind of person would you be?”  “What is it that you want that you don’t seem to be getting?” * “D” what are you doing?  D=Direction and Doing * d= discussing behavioral direction and doing (total behavior)  What are you doing now  Behaviors or strategies tried to achieve goals * “E” evaluation  E= Evaluation * Does your present behavior have a reasonable change in getting you what you want and taking you in the direction you want to go  “Is what you are doing helping or hurting?”  “Is your behavior working for you?”  “Is what you believe and what you do congruent?”  “Are your behaviors getting you what you need?” * “P” planning and commitment  P=PLANNING, DEVELOPING SPECIFIC BEHAVIORS THAT WILL ATTAIN CLIENT’S WANTS AND NEEDS. * EXAMPLE: GO TO YOUR FRIEND AND SAY I NEED YOUR HELP, WILL YOU HELP ME? RATHER THEN DEPRESSING.  OFTEN TIMES THE MOST SIGNIFICANT AND TIME CONSUMING PART.  GIVES THE CLIENT A STARTING POINT AND DIRECTION

Answer 7

* Maximizing the Success Plan  Simple  Attainable  Measurable  Immediate, Involving  Controlled, Consistent, Committed

Answer 8

* Solution Focused Concepts and Assumptions * Solution Focused is built out of social constructivism * Social-individuals are understood within their social context * Constructivism-personal reality is not an objective entity, it is co- created between people through language. * The focus is on the solution vs the problem  Problem Focused * The solution is in fixing the problem * Identify problems and look at scripts that support the problems * Counselor is expert * Notice client barriers  Solution Focused * The solution is in the exception * Identify what is not a problem and build off of solutions * Client is expert * Notice client strengths

Answer 9

 Clients have the internal resources to solve their own problems  Clients are the experts of their lives  It is not necessary to know the cause of a problem to find the solution  People are accountable for their actions  Small change leads to bigger change  Change is constant and inevitable  There are many ways to look at a situation.  The counseling relationship is paramount.  Empower client to not continue to need you.

Answer 10

* Visitor/Host Relationship (20%)  Client-does not think he/she has a problem; may be involuntary; or may have little hope or expectation that anything will change.  Counselor-sympathize with client’s plight; compliment where possible; hosting activities (general conversation about client’s interest, making client comfortable); Look for any complaints. Focus on Relationship * COMPLAINANT/LISTENER(66)  Client-can describe a problem or goal; sees the solution as external to their control; can overwhelm the therapist with information.  Counselor- listens; is passive and reflective; accepts the clients world view or frame of reference; gives a noticing, thinking or observing tasks at end of session * CUSTOMER/SELLER RELATIONSHIP(15%)  CLIENT-BELIEVES THERE IS A PROBLEM; THE CLIENT STATES OR UNDERSTANDS THAT HE/SHE IS THE ONE WHO HAS TO DO THE WORK AND IS WILLING TO WORK..  COUNSELOR-AGREES TO WORK ON CLIENT'S GOAL OR PROBLEM; IS ACTIVE AND MORE DIRECTIVE; MAY GIVE A BEHAVIORAL TASK THAT REQUIRES THE CLIENT TO DO SOMETHING DIFFERENT. * The Questions

Answer 11

 Pre-session Change Questions *  Miracle Question * a goal setting question that is useful when a client simply does not know what a preferred future would look like. It can be used with individuals to set the course for therapy, with couples, to clarify what each person needs from each other and with families, who too often see one person as the culprit.  Exception Question * provide clients with the opportunity to identify times when things have been different for them. * Examples of exception questions include: * Tell me about times when you don't get angry. * Tell me about times you felt the happiest.  Coping Question * attempt to help the client shift his/her focus away from the problem elements and toward what the client is doing to survive the painful or stressful circumstances. * They are related in a way to exploring for exceptions. * What have you found that is helpful in managing this situation? * Considering how depressed and overwhelmed you feel, how is it that you were able to get out of bed this morning and make it to our appointment (or make it to work)?  Scaling Question * invite the clients to put their observations, impressions, and predictions on a scale from 0 to 10, with 0 being no chance, and 10 being every chance. * Questions need to be specific, citing specific times and circumstances

Action Theories Flashcards

(35 cards)