action potential

Question 1

how do neurones transmit electrical impulses

Answer 1

-electrical impulses travel rapidly along the neurone’s cell surface membrane from one end of the neurone to the other

Question 2

what is the definition for resting potential

Answer 2

when the inside of the axon of the neurone has a negative electrical potential compared to the outside of the axon -70mV

Question 3

what is meant by a resting axon

Answer 3

axon that is not transmitting electrical impulses

Question 4

what is the potential difference at the resting potential

Answer 4

-70mV
-the inside of the axon has an electrical potential about 70mv lower than the outside

Question 5

what factors contribute to establishing and maintaining resting potential

Answer 5

-active transport of sodium and potassium ions via the sodium potassium pumps

-protein channels are less permeable to sodium ions that for potassium channels

Question 5

what type of proteins are the sodium potassium pumps

Answer 5

carrier proteins, present in the membranes of neurones

Question 6

what establishes and maintains the resting potential

Answer 6

-the sodium -potassium pumps use ATP from respiration to pump 3 sodium ions out the axon of the neurone and pump 2 potassium ions into the axon via active transport. This results in a larger concentration of positive ions outside the axon compared to the inside, establishing a electrochemical gradient.

Question 7

what is action potential

Answer 7

change in potential difference across a membrane of axon from -70 to +30