Act 3 Flashcards
(275 cards)
1
Q
(whose remembrance yet) lives in men’s eyes and will to ears and tongues
Be theme and hearing ever,
A
i.e. is evident in the changes which he brought to Britain, and will be talked about forever
2
Q
Famous in Caesar’s praises no whit less/than in his feats deserving it
A
the fame Cassibelan gained through Caesar’s praises was no less than his actions merited
3
Q
untendered
A
unpaid
4
Q
And to kill the marvel, shall be so ever
A
and to kill the Romans’ surprise at non-payment by making it an established practice, this will forever after be the case
5
Q
(and we will nothing pay) for wearing our own noses
A
for being ourselves (also associates the Romans with crooked noses)
6
Q
That opportunity
Which then they had to take from ‘s, to resume
We have again.
A
We can now take back (resume) the advantage that the they (the Romans) took by force (when they demanded payment and allegiance)
7
Q
My liege
A
My lord/sovereign
8
Q
The natural bravery of your isle
A
the threatening character of the landscape (i.e. the island is naturally well-fortified)
9
Q
which stands As Neptune's park, ribbed and paled in With oaks unscalable and roaring waters, With sands that will not bear your enemies' boats, But suck them up to the topmast.
A
which is like a park belonging to the God of the sea, guarded by a thick border of unclimable trees and dangerous waters containing quicksands that will sink any boat up to its highest mast
10
Q
Ribbed and paled in
A
ribbed = the ribs around a ships hulk pales = vertical stakes driven into the ground
i.e. enclosed in as if by a ships ribbing and fenced in as if by pales
11
Q
Twice beaten
A
Beaten by the Britons on two separate occasions
12
Q
His shipping/poor ignorant baubles, on our terrible seas/like eggshells moved upon their surges, cracked/as easily ‘gainst our rocks
A
His ships, like little toys, were as fragile as eggshells on our terrible seas and cracked just as easily against our rocks.
13
Q
for joy whereof
The famed Cassibelan, who was once at point—
O giglot fortune!—to master Caesar’s sword,
Made Lud’s town with rejoicing fires bright
And Britons strut with courage.
A
To celebrate his job, the famous Cassibelan, who once almost defeated Caesar, and would have had not fickle fortune (‘giglot fortune’), made London burn bright with victory fires and Britons swagger with courage
14
Q
but to owe such straight arms, none
A
but no Roman rulers possessed (‘owe’) such strong (‘straight’) and unbending arms as did Caesar
15
Q
We have yet many among us can grip(e) as hard as
Cassibelan
A
There are lots of us who can complain as loudly as Cassibelan. (in our text, it’s grip, but there must be a pun on complaining)
16
Q
Caesar’s ambition,
Which swell’d so much that it did almost stretch
The sides o’ the world
A
Caesar was so ambitious that the whole world almost seemed too small for him
17
Q
against all colour here/did put the yoke upon’s
A
without any pretence of reason or justice, did here place us under the yoke of roman rule
18
Q
Mulmutius which ordained our laws
A
Son of Cloten, King of Cornwall in Geoffrey’s History, and establish Mulmutius’s laws which were later codified by Alfred the Great
19
Q
whose use the sword of Caesar hath too much mangled
A
whose practice of the laws were violently corrupted by Caesar’s force
20
Q
whose repair and franchise/shall, by the power we hold, be our deed
A
the restoration and free exercise of which/shall, by our power, be enacted by us
21
Q
(that I am to) pronounce (Augustus Caesar)
A
proclaim
22
Q
which did put
His brows within a golden crown
A
to put on a crown
23
Q
that hath moe kings his servants than/thyself domestic officers
A
who has more kings as his servants than you have household attendants
24
Q
Thus defied,
I thank thee for myself.
A
So, although I have to declare you an enemy, I thank you for how well you’ve treated me.
25
of him I gather'd honour;
Which he to seek of me again, perforce,
Behoves me keep at utterance. (difficult one - think carefully)
I gained honour under him, and his violently (perforce) seeking to take it (the honour) back (by requiring tribute), requires me to defend (it?) to the uttermost
26
I am perfect
I am positive
27
For their liberties are now in arms, a precedent which not to read would show the Britons cold
Are now fighting for their freedom, a precedent which not to interpret would make the Britons seem apathetic ('cold')
28
Let proof speak
Let the outcome speak for itself
29
if
you seek us afterwards in other terms, you
shall find us in our salt-water girdle
If you come back for a different purpose, you'll find us buckled here in our salt-water belt (the defensive belt of water surrounding the British Isles)
30
(if you fall in the) adventure
enterprise/endeavour
31
I know your master's pleasure and he mine:
| All the remain is 'Welcome!'
I know what your king wants and he knows what I want. All that's left to say is, "Welcome!"
32
(what a) strange (infection)
foreign
33
(what false Italian) as poisonous tongued as handed
as skilled in verbal poison (slander) as administering poisonous substances by hand
34
(she's punished for her) truth and undergoes...
(she's being punished for her) loyalty/fidelity (to you), and endures...
35
...and undergoes more goddess-like than wife-like, such assaults/as would take in some virtue
and endures these attacks of her honour more like a goddess than like a wife, in such a way that would conquer some virtue (? - check this translation)
36
thy mind to her is now as low as were thy fortunes
your opinion of her is as inferior as your fortunes previously were
37
Her blood
Should I shed her (royal) blood
38
It it be so to do good service, never/let me be counted serviceable
If in doing so I'd become a good servant, then never let me become a dutiful servant
(Serviceable literally = dutiful in service by performing all of my master's commands)
See comparison with King Lear when Cornwall's servant tries to prevent him from taking out Gloucester's other eye.
39
How look I,/That I should seem to lack humanity
| so much as this fact comes to?
Do I really look like someone who so lacks human qualities that he could perform this evil deed (fact)?
40
black (as the ink that's on thee) - 2 possible meanings
deadly/slanderous
41
Senseless bauble
insentient trifle
42
Art thou a fedary for this act, and look'st
| So virgin-like without?
Are you an accomplice to this act, even whilst looking so innocent on the outside?
(without = on the outside)
43
I am ignorant in what I am commanded
I must give no hint of what I have been ordered to do
44
Who, thy lord? That is my lord, Leonatus?
Who? Your lord? That's my lord, Leonatus!
(Playing on the difference between Posthumus as Pisanio's master and Innogen's husband, since Lord was appropriate to both)
45
O, learn'd indeed were that astronomer
That knew the stars as I his characters;
He'ld lay the future open.
Wise indeed would the astronomer be, who could read the stars as I can read his handwriting; he could see well into the future
46
(let what is contained) relish (of love)
taste
47
... (let what is contained relish...) ... of his content - yet not that we two are asunder
*i.e. focus on the meaning of the 'not'
(let what is within taste) of his contentment - yet let him not be content that we are apart
48
For it doth physic love
for it increases love's strength
49
Of his content, all but in that
Let him be happy in everything but that respect!
50
Good wax, thy leave. Blest be
| You bees that make these locks of counsel!
Wax seal, let me open you. Bless you, you bees who make these seals that keeps confidentiality!
51
Lovers and men in dangerous bonds pray not alike/
Lovers and men in jail differ in their prayers; (i.e. they differ in their prayers because lovers welcome the secrecy which the wax seal permits, whereas men in jail dread the official notice which sends them to prison)
52
though forfeiters you cast in prison, yet you clasp young Cupid's tables.
Although you (referring to the wax seals) cast men who have broken their agreements (forfeiters) into prison, you also seal the writing tablets (tables) of lovers
53
forfeiters
those who have broken their agreements (and hence are cast into prison by sealed bonds)
54
1. Negative meaning of the 'as'
Justice, and your father's wrath, should he take me
in his dominion, could not be so cruel to me, ***as***
you, O the dearest of creatures, would even renew me
with your eyes.
(n.b. ***as*** = the key word here, swinging the entire meaning of the letter)
The justice system and your father's anger, if he captured me in his country, could not be as cruel to me as you, O most beautiful of creatures, a sentiment which just the sight of you could renew in me
55
2. Positive meaning of the 'as'
Justice, and your father's wrath, should he take me
in his dominion, could not be so cruel to me, ***as***
you, O the dearest of creatures, would even renew me
with your eyes.
(n.b. ***as*** = the key word here, swinging the entire meaning of the letter)
The justice system and your father's anger, if he captured me in his country, could not be so cruel but that a mere gaze from you would renew me, O most beautiful of creatures.
56
Cambria
A latinized form of the medieval Welsy Cymry
57
Milford Haven
A seaport in southern Wales
58
That remains loyal to this vow, and your increasing in love. (2 possible meanings)
To you who remains loyal to your marital promise and thereby increases Posthumus's love/to you on the condition that you remain loyal to your vows (thereby increasing your love)
59
If one of mean affairs
If someone having unimportant business
60
(O let me bate)
O allow me to modify (my statement)
61
But not like me, yet long'st/but in a fainter kind
Not as much as I am, still eager, but less so
62
For mine's beyond beyond
My longing exceeds that which already surpasses expression
63
(Say and) speak thick
tell me quickly
64
Love's counsellor should fill the bores of hearing to th'smothering of the sense
An advisor to love (i.e. someone who is counselling about love) should fill the passages of one's ears (bores of hearing) so entirely that the sense are overwhelmed
65
T'inherit
To possess
66
How we may steal from hence
How do we move stealthily from here
67
And for the gap/that we shall make in time, from our hence-going and our return, to excuse
And how do we explain (excuse) the temporal gap between our leaving and our return?
68
Why should excuse be born or ere begot?
Why should excuse be born before the need for it even exists?
69
Score
a group of 20
70
twixt hour and hour?
between one hour and the next
71
'twixt sun and sun
between sunrise and sunset
72
(riding wagers/where horses have been nimbler than the sands/that run i'th' clock's behalf)
bets placed on horse races, where horses run more swiftly than the sands in an hourglass
73
Go bid my woman feign a sickness; say
| She'll home to her father
Go tell my attendant to pretend she's sick. Say she's going home to her father.
74
Franklin
A small land-owner, below the gentry (i.e. firmly middle class, not royal)
75
I see before me, man
I can only see what is immediately before me
76
nor here, nor here,
Nor what ensues, but have a fog in them,
That I cannot look through.
What's there, or there (i.e. what is to come), or what will happen in the future, I can't see.
77
(A goodly day) not to keep house
Not to stay inside
78
This gate instructs you how t'adore the heavens and bows you to a morning's holy office
This entryway to the cave requires that you bow down to leave it, which prompts a humbling act of reverence by making you which functions as a morning ceremony (holy office)
79
giants may jet through/and keep their impious turbans on without good morrow to the sun
giants may swagger (jet) through, without removing their unholy turbans in order to say 'good morning' to the sun (i.e. without acknowledging the forces of nature)
80
We house i'th' rock
In a cave
81
Yet use thee not so hardly/as prouder livers do
Yet we do not treat the heaves so callously as do those who live more grandly
82
I'll tread these flats
I'll tread this plain
83
(when you above perceive me) like a crow
As small as a crow
84
That it is place which lessens and sets off;
(Look specifically at the individual meanings of 'place' and 'lessens'
that it's just context that makes you seem more or less important.
n.b. place can mean physical location, or social rank (as in social place)
whilst 'lessens' can mean diminishes, or instructs (as in 'lessons')
85
(and you may then) revolve
consider
86
This service is not service, so being done,
| But being so allow'd.
This service (in courts and war - see above sentence) does not count when it is enacted, only when it is acknowledged (allowed) by those in authority.
87
To apprehend thus
To view the matter in this way
88
draws us a profit from all things we see
Allows us to benefit/learn from everything that we see
89
The sharded beetle in a safer hold/than is the full-winged eagle
The beetle, encased in dung, resides in a more secure place than the eagle.
90
(this life is nobler than) attending for a check
Doing courtly service, only to receive a rebuke
91
(richer than) doing nothing for a babe
(more lucrative than) assuming care for a child without providing adequate care (doing nothing)
92
Such gain the cap of him that makes him fine/yet keeps his book uncrossed.
Such people receive a salute (gain the cap of) from their tailor (him that makes him fine), but do not pay him, so he carries the debt in his account book (which remains uncrossed).
93
nor know not what air's from home
what the air is like away from home
94
Haply
perhaps
95
sweeter to you
That have a sharper known; well corresponding
With your stiff age
It seems easier to you because you've experienced a harder kind of life. It's right for your old age.
96
A cell of ignorance
It's a place that keeps us ignorant (compare with Innogent being kept under house arrest in the court)
97
travelling abed
we're travelling via dreams while in bed
98
debtor
someone who owes money
99
That not dares to stride a limit
who dares not cross a boundary for fear of arrest
100
(the rain and wind) beat (dark December)
beat down/mark or indicate the month of December
101
(In this our) pinching (cave)
confining/bitingly small
102
beastly
like beasts
103
subtle as the fox for prey,
| Like warlike as the wolf for what we eat
as clever as a fox looking for prey, as brave as a wolf in killing what we need to eat.
104
Our valour is to chase what flies;
Our courage shows only by chasing animals that flee from us
i.e. they lack outlets for courtly/civic values to express themselves/develop- limited resources to cultivate personalities & characteristics that would settle them into society
105
our cage/we make a choir, as doth the prisoned bird/and sing our bondage freely
Like imprisoned birds, we turn our cage into a choir and we are only free to sing about our captivity
106
Did you but know the city's usuries/ and felt them knowingly
If only you were aware of the city's practice of lending money at illegal rates of interest/and experienced them with full knowledge (of their injustices)
107
As hard to leave as keep, whose top to climb/is certain falling
As difficult to quit as to maintain (keep), ensuring a fall when one reaches the top
108
The toil o’th’war, / A pain that only seems to seek out danger / I’th’name of fame and honour, which dies I’th’ search /
Chaos/trial of war, a labour that tries only to take risks for the fame & honour it brings, which perishes in the seeking
109
And hath as oft a sland’rous epitaph / As record of fair act
& as often receives a disparaging inscription on a tombstone as public remembrance of a good deed
110
nay, many times,
| Doth ill deserve by doing well
no, frequently, you receive slander/criticism/insult by acting well/in return for good deeds
111
must curtsy at the censure
must bow deferentially for the blame
112
then was I as a tree
Whose boughs did bend with fruit (not asking for a translation, but what the connotations of Belarius saying this actually are)
i.e. Belarius is not angry against the court itself (as he attempted to imply earlier) but is more bitter at his own fall from grace
113
mellow hangings
ripe fruit he had grown & produced over time- loss of success/pride
• Sudden moment in which Belarius loses favour/reputation at court- falls from honour
114
Uncertain favour
Unreliable approbation (of those in high places)
115
demesnes
territories
116
The fore-end of my time
The early part of my life
117
And we will fear no poison, which attends
| In place of greater state.
And we will not fear being poisoned, an affliction which occurs in locations of more wealth
118
(how hard it is to hide the sparks of) nature
innate disposition (implies that G & A have aspirations appropriate to their lineage, even whilst not knowing that they are the king's sons)
119
though trained up thus meanly
Though brought up humbly as indicated
120
nature prompts them... to prince it much beyond the trick of others
to behave like princes beyond the typical behavior of others
•Possessed by curiosity & ambition that Milford Haven cannot contain/accommodate
121
Belarius: To him the other two shall minister (should have come earlier on but I wrote this one later)
If one of them is successful at the hunt/catches prey, the other two must assist as servants
122
His spirits fly into my story
'An instance of empathy in which an auditor becomes so moved by a story that his feelings appear to enter and become part of it'
i.e. Guiderius, listening to the story, becomes impassioned by it
123
(strains his young) nerves
sinews
124
... and shows much more his own conceiving
and shows his own imagination of events
125
And three and two years old I stole these babes
Juxtaposes with the gentleman's speech in act one who describes how Arviragus was stolen in swaddling clothes - this practice occurred only on newborns, up to the first nine months after birth
126
(Thinking to bar thee of) succession
Successors
127
Thou reft'st me of my lands
Thou deprived me of my lands
128
The game is up
The deer has been drawn out and is on the run
129
When we came from horse
when we dismounted
130
Ne’er longed my mother so / To see me first as I have now
My mother has never been so eager to see me before I was born as I am Posthumus to see Posthumus now
131
Innogen: One but painted thus / Would be interpreted a thing perplexed / Beyond self-explication
Someone painted with Pisanio’s expression would be interpreted as someone disturbed beyond any means of explaining himself
132
Innogen: Put thyself / Into a haviour of less fear ere wildness / Vanquish my staider senses
Adopt a less fearsome demeanour before frenzy overcomes my calm feelings-
133
tender
to offer/an adj. meaning 'kind'
134
If't be summer news, smile to't before
If it be joyful news, smile in harmony with it
135
That drug-damned Italy hath out-craftied him / And he’s at some hard point
Italy, damned for its use of poisons, has surpassed Posthumous in cunning/craftiness, and he is in a difficult crisis
- inference from Pisanio’s appearance when passing on letter
136
Thy tongue may take off some extremity, which to read/would be even mortal to me
Your reading of it might lessen some of the shock, which, if I read it, might even kill me
137
And you shall find me, wretched man, a thing
| The most disdain'd of fortune.
You'll find out I'm the most unlucky man in the world.
138
The testimonies whereof lies bleeding in me
Pun on testicles
Innogen reversed traditional marriage-bed scene, inflicting sexual damage on Posthumous, marking his genitals with the blood she should have shed in loss of hymen on wedding night- literalizing the woman’s part in him at the site of his maleness’
139
Innogen [reading letter from Posthumous to Pisanio]: If / thy faith be not tainted with the breach of hers
Posthumous questions if Pisanio has been corrupted by Innogen’s betrayal of her faith
140
thou art the pander to her dishonour
you are the procurer of her dishonour
141
Pisanio: All the worms of Nile, whose breath / Rides on the posting winds and doth belie / All corners of the world
Venomous snakes in Egypt’s River Nile-
Whose breath is carried on the speeding (posting) winds and doth fill with lies/slander (belie) all places in the world
Belie: fill with lies/slander
142
'twixt clock and clock
from hour to hour
143
If sleep charge nature, / To break it with a fearful dream of him
If sleep overburdens/weighs down nature to break it with a dream full of apprehension of Posthumous
144
Innogen: Iachimo, / Thou didst accuse him of incontinency…Thy favour’s good enough. Some jay of Italy, / Whose mother was her painting, hath betrayed him
* Iachimo, you originally accused him of a lack of sexual restraint/licentiousness
* Painting - idea of someone who is produced by her cosmetics, and not her parentage
145
(I false! Thy conscience witness: Iachimo,
Thou didst accuse him of incontinency;
Thou then look'dst like a villain; now methinks) Thy favour’s good enough.
Your appearance/countenance (favour) was proof enough of your character/villainous nature
146
Some jay of Italy, / Whose mother was her painting, hath betrayed him
• Some whore/strumpet of Italy, who is produced by cosmetics- not her parentage- has won over Posthumous= blames fashionably dressed women of Italy for Posthumous’ betrayal, not Iachimo
147
Innogen: Poor I am stale, a garment out of fashion, / And for I am richer than to hang by th’walls, / I must be ripped
I am poor, out of date/old-fashioned, and because I am more valuable than someone fit only to hang on a peg and be forgotten, I must be torn apart (i.e. killed)
148
Innogen: All good seeming / By thy revolt, O husband, shall be thought / Put on for villainy;
Everything that appears/seems good in men, by Posthumous’ betrayal, will be interpreted as exhibited for a villainous, ulterior motive;
149
not born where’t grows, / But worn a bait for ladies
not native to it’s place, but borrowed as a bait/to catch women
n.b. note how Innogen does not condemn him personally, as he does to her
150
Being heard like false Aeneas
When they were heard to speak as falsely as Aeneas did (by making false promises that call all truth into question)
151
Sinon's weeping/did scandal many a holy tear
Sinon, from Book II Aeneid, told tearful story to trick Greeks into accepting Trojan horse into city, occasioning destruction of Troy.
Scandal = disgrace.
152
Took pity from most true wretchedness
Stole the pity that actual misery should have merited (because others suspected that the tears were fake)
153
(So thou Posthumus) wilt lay the leaven on all proper men
Will taint the reputation of all honest men
154
Goodly and gallant
handsome and grand`
155
A little witness to
Briefly attest to
156
The innocent mansion of my love... tis empty of all things but grief
I's heart is a mansion in which P's residence was once all her wealth - now only grief remains
157
Innogen: Against self-slaughter / There is a prohibition so divine / That cravens my weak hand.
(Specifically, what does 'Cravens' mean)
Bible strictly forbids suicide- associates Innogen with Dido & Lucrece, driven to suicide by men who abandon/attack/rape them
‘Cravens’- renders spiritless through fear
158
Obedient as the scabbard
Heart is ready to receive sword as readily as if it is a ‘scabbard’- container/sheath for a sword
159
The scriptures (of royal Leonatus)/all turned to heresy
The letters/ the sacred texts, turned to heresy through his betrayal
160
You shall no more / Be stomachers to my heart
Ornamental covering worn of chest under lacing of the bodice- figuratively used to refer to letters from Posthumous that Innogen has kept close to her heart
161
false teachers
those who teach heresy
162
Innogen: Though those that are betrayed / Do feel the treason sharply, yet the traitor / Stands in worse case of woe
Victims of betrayal enter grief/mourning, but punishment for treason is death= traitor suffers ultimate penalty.
Innogen invoking her royal privilege by positioning herself as the object of treason
163
That didst set up my disobedience 'gainst the King
Who drove me to disobedience against the king
164
Innogen: It is no act of common passage but / A strain of rareness
Innogen marriage to Posthumous is no common act, but an unusual circumstance.
- lower social rank- doesn’t reflect her exceptional character
165
(When thou shalt) be disedged...
have (your) sexual appetite satisfied
| literally, have the edge removed. Recalls Hamlet with 'it would cost you a groaning to take off mine edge'
166
(be disedged by her) that now thou tirest on
1. Feed on ravenously
| 2. Exhaust yourself in sexual activity
167
The lamb entreats the butcher (not a translation, but what does it recall?)
Recalls Iachimo's account of lust as ravening the first lamb
168
Pisanio: I’ll wake mine eyeballs out first
* I’ll stay awake until my eyeballs drop out before I obey Posthumous’ command to execute you
* Perhaps reminds of Lear with blinding of Gloucester
169
The time inviting thee
Why wait so long (literally time itself giving you a good opportunity).
170
Innogen: Why hast thou gone so far / To be unbent when thou hast ta’en thy stand, /. Th’elected deer before thee
•Why have you travelled so far to keep your bow unbent when you have positioned yourself with the chosen (elected) stag before you/in your sights -
metaphor of hunt, with Innogen as an animal being preyed upon
171
Pisanio: But to win time / To lose so bad employment
Just to win some time to think about how to get out of doing this terrible task (employment)
Verbal antithesis & syntactic repetition (anaphora) combined (jux of win & lose)
172
In the which
In which time
173
Innogen: Can take no greater wound / Nor tent to bottom that
Cannot receive a probe (tent) to sufficient to reach the bottom of that wound
Tent was probe of material used in surgery to search & cleanse wound to full depth
Innogen expressing own vulnerability after betrayal by Posthumous- emotionally delicate
174
I thought you would not back again
I thought you would not go back again
175
Most like;
| Bringing me here to kill me.
That makes sense, since you were bringing me here to kill me.
176
(not so) neither
used to intensify a negative
177
My purpose would prove well
My plan would be successful
178
(and) singular in his art
Unmatched in his art
179
Some Roman Courtesan
Some Roman woman of some social status
180
Some bloody sign (comparative point)
Analogous to his own earlier requirement that Iachimo produce some kind of evidence of Innogen's infidelity
181
Innogen: I’th’world’s volume / Our Britain seems as of it but not in’t
If the world were a book, Britain would be a page of it- part of it, but separate at the same time.
A meta-textual image
182
In a great pool a swan's nest
It's like a swan's nest in a huge lake.
N.b. both of the previous images adapt Virgil's first Eclogue, which created the trope of Britain as a place cut off from the world
183
There's livers out of Britian
There are people who live outside of Britiain
184
Dark (as your fortune is)
As inscrutable/As melancholy
185
That which t’appear itself must not yet be / But by self-danger
• Innogen should disguise herself so that she is not exposed to danger through recognition
186
You should tread a course / Pretty and full of view
* ‘Pretty’- clever
* ‘Full of view’- have many opportunities of observing Posthumous
* Also possible that Innogen, like Rosalind as Ganymede in As You Like It, will take part of pretty youth & maintain full visibility on stage
187
Innogen: Though peril to my modesty, not death on’t, / I would adventure
Though by taking such a risk, I would endanger my chastity, I would not lose it altogether
188
Pisanio: The handmaids of all women, or more truly / Woman it pretty self
Attendants of all women, or more honestly the essence of woman herself
N.b. refers to these qualities - shows how gender is performative
189
Pisanio: Waggish courage, / Ready in gibes, quick-answered, saucy, and / As querrelous as the weasel
* Mischievous courage, prepared with tauntsquick-witted, saucy
* Weasel is proverbially querulous animal
190
Pisanio: O, the harder heart! / Alack, no remedy – to the greedy touch / Of common-kissing Titan, and forget / Your laboursome and dainty trims wherin / You made great Juno angry
Expression of grief (e.g. 'O what a terrible thing') at fact that Innogen must expose her cheek to the sun- do away with adormnments for the purpose of disguise
Titan- sun who shines on all alike= ‘common-kissing’- indiscriminate
June = jealous of of Innogen's beauty
191
Pisanio: Doublet, hat, hose, all / That answer to them.
| •
Close-fitting jacket for men, hat, breeches, all that would go with them.
192
Would you in their serving, / And with what imitation you can borrow / From youth of such a season
If you would with their help, and with what skill of acting you can produce from youth of such an age
193
And doubling that most holy
And doubling that, he's very virtuous
194
Pisanio: If that his head have ear in music
If Lucius has the smallest ear for music
195
Your means abroad: you have me, rich
As for your financial needs when you are abroad, you have me who is in possession of abundant assets
196
(and I will never fail) beginning nor supplyment
... to provide your initial and ongoing provisions
197
(but we'll) even (all that good time will give us)
We'll keep pace with
198
I am soldier to
I am committed to
199
Your carriage from the court
your removal from Court
200
Distempter
Illness
201
To some shade/ And fit you to your manhood
Go to some sheltered place & put on your male attire/clothing
202
Thus far; and so farewell.
That's all I have to say, so goodbye.
203
To show less sovereignty than they, must needs
| Appear unkinglike.
And if I were less eager for self-governance than they are, I would seem less king-like than them.
204
A conduct
An escort to ensure his safety
205
that office/the due of honour in no point omit
that function/the propriety owed to Lucius as ambassador, you should not forget
206
the event (is yet to name the winner)
the outcome
207
The Severn
The river that runs between England and South Wales
208
it honours us that we have given him a cause
it does us credit that we have given him a reason to do so
209
Your valiant Britons have their wishes in it.
Your subjects the brave Britons are getting what they want.
210
Will soon be drawn to head
Will soon be brought to their full strength
211
hath made us forward
has made us well prepared in advance
212
The duty of the day
• Innogen has not given daily greeting due to parent from child- usually accompanied with bow
213
She look us like...
She seems to us (NOT SHE LOOKS AT US AND WE SEEM TO HER)
214
We have been too slight in sufferance
We have been too lax in tolerating (her behaviour)
215
(Most) retired (hath her life been)
Withdrawn
216
Forbear sharp speeches to her
Avoid overly-critical speeches to her
217
(Can her) contempt (be answered)
Disobedience
218
(She prayed me to excuse) her keeping close
Her keeping secluded
219
Constrained by her infirmity
Limited by her illness
220
Queen: Our great court / Made me too blame in memory
Our important business at court made me culpably forgetful (i.e. made me lapse in memory, a lapse which is my fault)
221
I pray his absence / Proceed by swallowing that
Hopes Pisanio’s absence from court/lack of appearances is result of him consuming the poison
222
Haply (despair hath seized her)
Perhaps she has been seized by despair
223
She being down/I have the placing of the British crown
With her out of the way, I have the (executive) decision of who gets the British Crown.
224
May the night forestall him of the coming day
May this night make his rage fatal to him
225
*for* she's fair and royal/and *that* she hath all courtly part more exquisite than lady, ladies, woman.
Because she beautiful and royal/ and because her desirable parts are more exquisite than any lady, than all ladies, than womankind
226
She of all compounded / Outsells them all
Innogen is composite/combined of all beautiful traits/features that other women possess= assemblage of ideal components & worth, altogether, more than they are- value exceeds all others
Second attempt at valuation of Innogen
227
Slanders so her judgement that what's else rare is choked
So discredits her judgement that what else is exceptional is smothered
228
What are you packing, Sirrah?
What are you scheming, good sir (= a form of address to an inferior)
229
you precious pander
you precious go-between/pimp
230
Cloten: Posthumous, / From whose so many weights of baseness cannot / A dram of worth be drawn
Posthumous, who is so weighed down with baseness that not even a tiny quantity of worthiness can be extracted from him
•‘Dram’- 1/8 of an ounce in apothecaries’ weights
231
Come nearer
Also mans 'answer more directly'
232
Satisfy me home
Satisfy me throughly
233
This paper is the history of my knowledge / Touching her flight
Hands letter to Cloten that Posthumous wrote to Innogen asking her to travel to Wales
234
Or this or perish
Either show him this letter or be killed
235
May prove his travail
May make trial of his exertion/prompt his travel
236
If thou wouldst not be a villain
If you would not be a soundrel/remain a low servant
237
honest man
Compare to Edgar's 'serviceable villain' in KL
238
thou shouldst neither want my means for thy
| relief nor my voice for thy preferment.
You'll always be able to count on my money to get you out of trouble and my support for your promotion
239
Cloten: Thou hast stuck to the bare fortune of / that beggar Posthumous,
• You have associated/linked yourself to the worthless/wretched fortune of the beggar Posthumous;
240
thou canst not in the course / Of gratitude but be a diligent follower of mine
Given what I will reward you, you cannot avoid being a dutiful servant to me
241
than my noble and natural person together with the
| adornment of my qualities.
Than the combination of my noble and well-endowed person and my particular gifts/abilities/qualities
242
my speech of insultment
my speech of contemptuous triumph
243
I'll knock her back, foot her home again
I'll beat her back, kick her home again
244
Duteous and true
dutiful and loyal
245
Thou bidst me to my loss
the loss of my honour
246
Come and be true
Come and be loyal (refers to end of p.271)
247
(This fool's speed be) crossed (with slowness; labour be his) meed)
thwarted, reward
248
Innogen: Thou wast within a ken. O Jove, I think / Foundations fly the wretched
•You were within sight. O Juppiter, I think security/charitable institutions do not help those who most need them
249
Innogen: Will poor folks lie, / That have afflictions on them, knowing ‘tis / A punishment or trial?...
'To lapse in fullness is sorer than to lie for need'
•Will poor people lie who are afflicted, knowing their afflictions are meant either to punish them or to test their truthfulness
To lie when prosperous is worse than to lie out of necessity
250
Innogen: Even before I was / at point to sink for food
•Only a moment ago, I was about to sink due to lack of food
251
Innogen: Famine / Ere clean it o’erthrow nature, makes it valiant
Hunger, before it completely overcomes my person, makes it courageous
252
Innogen: Hardness ever / Of hardiness is mother
Hardship continually breeds fortitude
253
Innogen: If savage, / Take or lend
If you are savage, accept my money (take) or give me food (lend)
254
Innogen: Such a foe, good heavens
May the heavens grant me a foe as timid as I am
255
Belarius: ‘Tis our match
It is decreed/arranged in our agreement
256
Belarius: The sweat of industry would dry and die / But for the end it works to. Come, our stomachs / Will make what’s homely savoury
* The strenuous exertion of human labour would disappear and cease were it not for the goal to which it is directed
* Hunger will turn plain/basic food into a succulent enjoyment/feast/tasty
257
Belarius: Weariness / Can snore upon the flint when resty sloth / Finds the down pillow hard. Now peace be here, / Poor house, that keep’st thyself
* One who is tired can sleep on a hard rock, while idle laziness finds a feather pillow to be unyielding
* Now may peace be here; the poor house is looked after only by yourself
258
Guiderius: We’ll browse
•Feed/nibble
259
Belarius: But that it eats our victuals, I should think / Here were a fairy
•If it were not that it eats our food, I should believe that a fairy were here
260
Innogen: I would have left it on the board
•I would have put it on the table
261
Aviragus: All gold and silver rather turn to dirt, / As ‘tis no better reckoned but of those / Who worship dirty gods
Gold and silver should just turn to dirt, since it isn't worth any more than dirt except by those people who worship dirty gods.
* Money characterised as idolatry
* ‘But of’- ‘except by’
* Simplistic, innocent land of Milford Haven- not hedonism of court & prizing of objects/valuation of material
262
Belarius: Think us no churls…you shall have better cheer
* Do not consider us rustics/peasants
* You will have better entertainment
As with Orlando in AYL, in both cases, the courtly intruder assumes more savagery than he finds
263
Guiderius: But be your groom in honesty. / Ay, bid for you as I’d buy
* I would fail to be your honourable bridegroom
* Yes, I would offer love for you as I would buy you
* Mercenary language
264
Innogen: Then had my prize / been less, and so more equal ballasting / To thee, Posthumous
Then I wouldn't have mattered as much, and you would have seemed more like my equal, Posthumus.
* Innogen imagines herself as ship & wishes weight of cargo equal to Posthumous, as it would be if she had brothers who superseded her as heir to throne
* Her wishes prepares for play’s resolution
* Ballast- heavy material placed in hold of ship to weigh it down & prevent capsizing
265
Belarius: He wrings at some distress
•He struggles/writhes at some difficult problem
266
Innogen: Had the virtue / Which their own conscience sealed them, laying by / That nothing gift of differing multitudes / Could not outpeer these twain
* The virtue/courage/temperament that their own self-knowledge confirmed in them, setting aside the worthless adulation of variable, fickle crowds/would prove to be no nobler than these two
* Superficial social rituals/conventions of court have no influence/presence in cave
267
We'll go dress our hunt
We'll go prepare our game for cooking (think of salad being dressed)
268
Aviragus: The night to th’owl and morn to th’lark less / welcome
Night less welcome to the owl (who desires it) & morning to the lark than Innogen is to Aviragus & Guiderius
269
This is the tenor of the Emperor's writ
This is the substance of the Emperor's written command
270
1 Senator: The fall’n-off Britons
Revolted/rebellious
271
The gentry
Those of higher rank than commen men
272
Proconsul
Provincial governor (i.e. ruler of Britain once conquered)
273
to you the tribunes For this immediate levy, he commands his absolute commission
and he's ordering you tribunes to recruit (levy) people, and he makes such a command with absolute authority
274
1 Senator: Whereunto your levy / Must be supplyant
* Unto which our recruitment (of soldiers) must be supplementary. Forces from Gallia inadequate to sustain war against Britain alone & to be supplemented by gentry that tribunes are instructed to recruit from Rome
* Sense of declining military might of Rome
275
1 Senator: The words of your commission / Will tie you (to the numbers and the time / Of their dispatch)...
we will discharge our duty
•Words of the commission will specify to you
We will do our duty
