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93202 Preparation for Clinical Practice > ACSQHC Hand Hygiene - Student Health Practitioners Online Learning Module > Flashcards

ACSQHC Hand Hygiene - Student Health Practitioners Online Learning Module Flashcards

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1
Q

[When to perform hand hygiene]

Standard precautions include:

  • Routine environmental cleaning
  • Hand hygiene
  • Aseptic technique
  • Respiratory hygiene and cough ettiquette
  • Use of personal protective equipment
  • All of the above
A

All of the above

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2
Q

[When to perform hand hygiene]

How can you assist your patient to help decrease their risk of acquiring a healthcare associated infection?

  • Encourage a patient’s family and friends to advocate for the patient
  • Encourage the patient to remind all healthcare workers to clean their hands
  • Perform hand hygiene yourself and be a role model to other staff
  • All of the above
A

All of the above

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3
Q

[When to perform hand hygiene]

What is considered appropriate hand hygiene?

  • Using detergent wipes to clean your hands
  • Wearing gloves keeps hands clean
  • Using alcohol-based handrub OR soap and water to clean your hands
  • Using water only to clean your hands
A

Using alcohol-based handrub OR soap and water to clean your hands

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4
Q

[When to perform hand hygiene]

Which of the following is the main route of cross-transmission of pathogens between patients in a health care setting?

  • Air circulating in the hospital
  • Sharing non-invasive objects (ie. stethoscopes, pressure cuffs etc.) between patients
  • Healthcare workers hands when not clean
  • Patient’s exposure to colonised surfaces (ie. beds, chairs, tables, floors)
A

Healthcare workers hands when not clean

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5
Q

[When to perform hand hygiene]

Define a healthcare associated infection

  • An infection that was not present at time of attendance, but was acquired by the delivery of healthcare
  • An infection that was present on admission and not related to healthcare
  • An infection that developed without admission to healthcare
  • An infection that was not present at the time of admisssion, but was acquired in the community
A

An infection that was not present at time of attendance, but was acquired by the delivery of healthcare

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6
Q

[When to perform hand hygiene]

Where would you commonly find the microorganisms that cause healthcare associated infections?

  • On your patient’s skin
  • On your hands
  • On the patient bed curtains
  • All of the above
A

All of the above

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7
Q

[How to perform hand hygiene]

When should you NOT use alcohol based hand rub?

  • Before answering your pager
  • If your hands are visibly soiled
  • Before touching a patient
  • Before putting on gloves
A

If your hands are visibly soiled

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8
Q

[How to perform hand hygiene]

The advantage of using alcohol based hand rub is that:

  • It is faster that the traditional methods
  • It is self drying
  • It is more accessible than sinks
  • All of the above
A

All of the above

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9
Q

[How to perform hand hygiene]

Which of the following products can be used for Hand Hygiene?

  • Alcohol Based Hand Rub
  • Antimicrobial soap and water
  • Soap and water
  • All of the above
A

All of the above

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10
Q

[How to perform hand hygiene]

Which is the preferred agent to use for hand hygiene when your hands are NOT visibly soiled?

  • Antiseptic soap
  • Bar soap
  • Alcohol-based handrub
  • Liquid soap and running water
A

Alcohol-based handrub

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11
Q

[How to perform hand hygiene]

After assisting a patient your hands are visibly soiled. Do you:

  • Clean with alcohol-based handrub
  • Wipe your hands
  • Clean with soap and water
  • Put on gloves before seeing the next patient
A

Clean with soap and water

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12
Q

[Hand hygiene special issues]

Detergent wipes should be available for staff to:

  • Clean their hands
  • Clean shared non critical patient equipment
  • Decontaminate the bed after the patient has been discharged
  • Clean visibly soiled equipment
A

Clean visibly soiled equipment

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13
Q

[Hand hygiene special issues]

Which of the following protects your skin integrity?

  • Use of moisturiser at home
  • Use of an alcohol-based handrub
  • Use of a hospital supplied moisturiser
  • All of the above
A

All of the above

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14
Q

[Hand hygiene special issues]

How do I minimise infection risk in the group setting?

  • Minimise the sharing of equipment
  • Ask the patients to use alcohol-based handrub on arrival
  • Ensure patient equipment is cleaned appropriately
  • All of the above
A

All of the above

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15
Q

[Hand hygiene special issues]

Healthcare workers increase the risk of transmission of potential pathogens to patients if they:

  • Wear the same pair of gloves between patients
  • Wear rings
  • Wear artificial nails
  • All of the above
A

All of the above

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16
Q

[Hand hygiene special issues]

Should the position of the alcohol-based handrub be changed in any areas?

  • Yes if a patient may unintentionally drink it
  • Yes if there is potential harm to the patient or staff
  • Yes if a patient starts using it inappropriately
  • All of the above
A

All of the above

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17
Q

[Hand hygiene special issues]

Successful hand hygiene practices can be impacted by:

  • Having non-intact skin
  • Wearing false nails
  • Wearing jewellery
  • All of the above
A

All of the above

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18
Q

[Hand hygiene special issues]

If you wear gloves do you still need to perform hand hygiene?

  • If you have used the gloves more than once
  • Only if the gloves are torn
  • Only if the gloves are soiled
  • Yes
A

Yes

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19
Q

[Skin Care]

What are the signs and symptoms of contact dermatitis?

  • Itching
  • Redness
  • Splits and cracks
  • Dryness
  • All of the above
A

All of the above

Rationale: Dryness and itching is often the first sign, along with redness, splits and cracks. Dryness between the fingers or in the web spaces is one of the early signs of contact dermatitis developing and this is often referred to as the sentinel sign.

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20
Q

[Skin Care]

True or False: Wet work, including hand washing, causes irritant contact dermatitis?

A

True

Rationale: Wet work and frequent hand washing are the most common causes of irritant contact dermatitis. Reducing the amount of wet work and hand washing can significantly reduce the chance of developing ICD.

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21
Q

[Skin Care]

Allergic contact dermatitis is:

  • Is contagious
  • An immediate reaction
  • A delayed type of allergy
  • All of the above
  • None of the above
A

A delayed type of allergy

Rationale: Allergic contact dermatitis is a delayed type of allergy that causes a rash to develop. It can occur hours or 1-2 days after contact with the allergen, but does not occur the first time an individual is exposed to a substance.

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22
Q

[Skin Care]

Pick the INCORRECT statement: If occupational contact dermatitis develops you should:

  • Wait unit the skin is in really bad condition before seeking treatment and advice
  • Continue hand hygiene
  • Tell management about the contact dermatitis
A

Wait unit the skin is in really bad condition before seeking treatment and advice

Rationale: Wait until the skin is in really bad condition before seeking treatment and advice. This is the incorrect answer because you should seek advice as soon as you notice the early signs of contact dermatitis. By doing this, you should be able to continue with hand hygiene and continue in your job. If you wait until the skin is in really bad condition, it will take longer to heal, you may need time off work and you are risking your health and that of your patients.

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23
Q

[Skin Care]

Pick the INCORRECT statement:

  • Contact dermatitis is caused by products at work and at home
  • Contact dermatitis is a contagious skin condition
  • Contact dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disease
A

Contact dermatitis is a contagious skin condition

Rationale: Contact dermatitis is not a contagious condition, it is an inflammatory skin condition that occurs when substances touch the skin and damage the outer layers. These may be products from work or home, or both.

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24
Q

[Skin Care]

True or False: When using an alcohol based hand rub (ABHR) and stinging occurs, it means you are allergic to it.

A

False

Rationale: ABHR may sting the hands when there is broken skin, with splits, cracks, and rash. But this does not mean you are allergic to it, it just means that alcohol hurts on broken skin. Once the cracks and splits are healed, the ABHR should no longer sting. In fact it is very uncommon to be allergic to ABHRs and they are less damaging to the skin than traditional hand washing.

25
Q

[Skin Care]

Good skin care should include:

(One answer)

  • Appropriate glove use
  • Use of a soap substitute or mild soap
  • Use of a moisturising cream
  • Use of alcohol based hand rubs
  • All of the above
A

All of the above

Rationale: It is important that all of these components are included as part of a good skin care package. Together they can aid in the prevention and management of OCD.

26
Q

[Skin Care]

Where on the body does irritant contact dermatitis most frequently start?

(One answer)

  • Web spaces between the fingers
  • Arms
  • Wrists
A

Web spaces between the fingers

Rationale: The first signs of ICD often start in the web spaces between the fingers. This is often referred to as the sentinel sign. It usually begins with dryness.

27
Q

[Skin Care]

True or False: Powdered latex gloves can facilitate the development of latex allergy

A

True

Rationale: Powdered latex gloves increase the risk for latex allergy, as the powder facilitates the transfer of the latex allergen to the skin and also aerolises it, so latex proteins that have attached to the powder can be inhaled, or enter the skin via cracks and splits in the skin.

28
Q

[Skin Care]

True or False: Vinyl gloves provide adequate protection against microorganisms for healthcare workers

A

False

Rationale: Vinyl gloves are not recommended for use in the healthcare setting as they generally do not offer the same level of protection against microorganisms as other varieties such as nitrile or latex gloves.

29
Q

[Skin Care]

True or False: Contact urticaria is an immediate reaction

A

True

Rationale: It is an immediate reaction which starts immediately following or shortly after contact with the allergen, usually within 10-30 minutes following skin contact. It normally resolves within an hour after contact has stopped.

30
Q

[The 5 Moments]

When do you need to perform hand hygiene?

  • Before checking the computer
  • On entering the patient zone
  • After you have washed your hands
A

On entering the patient zone

31
Q

[The 5 Moments]

To prevent the transfer of pathogens to yourself and the healthcare zone from the patient zone, you need to perform hand hygiene:

  • After touching a patient’s surroundings
  • After touching the patient
  • Immediately after a procedure or body fluid exposure
  • All of the above
A

All of the above

32
Q

[The 5 Moments]

Curtains are considered to be:

  • Part of the patient zone
  • Clean
  • Contaminated
  • All of the above
A

Contaminated

33
Q

[The 5 Moments]

Where is the most important place to perform hand hygiene in a healthcare facility to protect your patient and yourself

  • The entrance to the nurses station
  • The entrance to the ward
  • The entrance to the hospital
  • The entrance to the patient zone (or patient room)
A

The entrance to the patient zone (or patient room)

34
Q

[The 5 Moments]

To prevent the transfer of pathogens from your hands to the patient, you need to perform hand hygiene:

  • Immediately before a performing a procedure
  • Before touching the patient
  • On entering the patient zone
  • All of the above
A

All of the above

35
Q

[The 5 Moments]

Hand hygiene is required multiple times throughout a clinical shift in a healthcare facility. Which statement BEST describes when hand hygiene should be performed?

  • Before and after touching a patient, and before and after a procedure
  • On entering and leaving the healthcare zone
  • Before and after touching a patient, before and after a procedure, and after touching a patient’s surroundings
  • On entering and leaving the patient zone
A

Before and after touching a patient, before and after a procedure, and after touching a patient’s surroundings

36
Q

[The 5 Moments in Detail]

Hand hygiene before touching a patient should be performed:

  • Everytime you are about to touch any patient
  • In front of the patient so that they know your hands are clean
  • All of the above
  • None of the above
A

Everytime you are about to touch any patient

37
Q

[The 5 Moments in Detail]

Hand hygiene should be performed:

  • After touching a patient and the patient’s surroundings
  • On leaving a patient’s room
  • After touching a patient
  • All of the above
A

All of the above

38
Q

[The 5 Moments in Detail]

Hand hygiene before a procedure should be performed:

  • Hand hygiene should be repeated if the patient has to be touched/positioned prior to the procedure starting
  • Immediately prior to the procedure
  • Then nothing else should be touched prior to the procedure starting
  • All of the above
A

All of the above

39
Q

[The 5 Moments in Detail]

Performing hand hygiene is essential immediately after:

  • Contact with any body fluid
  • Disposing of any waste containing body fluid
  • Finishing any procedure
  • All of the above
A

All of the above

40
Q

[The 5 Moments in Detail]

Hand hygiene should be performed before:

  • Applying an oxygen mask, applying a nebuliser, dispensing oral medications
  • Taking a patient’s observations - BP, temperature, oxygen saturations
  • Shaking a patient’s hand, touching any medical device connected to the patient, taking a patient’s pulse
  • All of the above
A

All of the above

41
Q

[The 5 Moments in Detail]

Hand Hygiene should be performed immediately before:

  • Changing an IV fluid bag on an IV pole
  • Applying eye drops
  • Taking down a dressing
  • All of the above
A

All of the above

42
Q

[The 5 Moments in Detail]

Performing hand hygiene is essential immediately before:

  • Administration of any medications via an invasive medical device
  • Insertion of a needle into a patient’s skin or medical device
  • Any contact with non intact skin
  • All of the above
A

All of the above

43
Q

[Clinical Scenarios]

When should hand hygiene be performed if you have touched items in the patient’s room?

  • Doctor leaning on rail needs to perform HH on leaving
  • Doctor holding charts needs to perform HH on leaving
  • All of the above
  • None of the above
A

All of the above

44
Q

[Clinical Scenarios]

Considering this photo scenario in sequence; When should hand hygiene be performed in this scenario?

  • Before putting on gloves and after touching the curtains after removing gloves
  • After removing gloves only
  • Before putting on gloves and after removing gloves before leaving the room
  • No HH required as Doctor is wearing gloves
A

Before putting on gloves and after removing gloves before leaving the room

45
Q

[Clinical Scenarios]

When should hand hygiene be performed if you touch the patient on the shoulder?

  • Before touching the patient
  • Not required as no procedure has occured
  • Not required as only touched the patient’s clothing
  • Before entering the ward
A

Before touching the patient

46
Q

[Clinical Scenarios]

Considering this photo scenario in sequence; When should hand hygiene be performed when the patient bedside charts have been reviewed?

  • After touching the patient chart and leaving the patient zone
  • On entering the patient zone
  • All of the above
  • None of the above
A

All of the above

47
Q

[Clinical Scenarios]

Considering this photo scenario in sequence; When should hand hygiene be performed by the consultant when touching the curtains to enter the patient room and to leave?

  • After touching the curtains, before touching the patient, and after touching the patient before leaving the room
  • After touching the patient before leaving the room
  • Before entering the patient’s room, and after touching the patient before leaving the room
  • Not required as the patient was not touched
A

After touching the curtains, before touching the patient, and after touching the patient before leaving the room

48
Q

[Clinical Scenarios]

Considering this photo scenario in sequence; When should hand hygiene be performed if you review a patient’s tracheostomy, then perform airway suctioning?

  • After touching the tracheostomy and before putting on gloves, after finishing the suction
  • Before touching the patient, after touching the tracheostomy and before putting on gloves, after finishing the suction
  • Before touching the patient, after finishing the suction
  • Before putting on gloves, after finishing the suction
A

Before touching the patient, after touching the tracheostomy and before putting on gloves, after finishing the suction

49
Q

[Clinical Scenarios]

When should Hand Hygiene be performed if you walk into a patient room and touch the bedside table, then leave?

  • Hand Hygiene is not required in this scenario
  • After touching the surroundings and leaving the patient room only
  • On entering the patient room and after touching the patient surroundings
  • On entering the patient room only
A

On entering the patient room and after touching the patient surroundings

50
Q

[Clinical Scenarios]

When should hand hygiene be performed when a patient is reviewed in a clinic setting?

  • Not required in this scenario
  • As out-patient enters the room, and as out-patient leaves the room
  • As out-patient leaves the room
  • As out-patient enters the room
A

As out-patient enters the room, and as out-patient leaves the room

51
Q

[Clinical Scenarios]

Considering this photo scenario in sequence; When should hand hygiene be performed after touching a medication pump?

  • On leaving the patient’s room
  • On entering the patient’s room
  • All of the above
  • None of the above
A

All of the above

52
Q

[Clinical Scenarios]

Considering this photo scenario in sequence; When should hand hygiene be performed by the registrar if lifting the patient’s sheets to view a wound?

  • After touching the curtains
  • Before touching the curtains
  • After touching the patient’s sheets before leaving the room
  • Not required as the patient has not been touched
A

After touching the patient’s sheets before leaving the room

53
Q

What are the 5 moments for hand hygiene?

A
  1. Before touching a patient
  2. Before a procedure
  3. After a procedure or body fluid exposure risk
  4. After touching a patient
  5. After touching a patient’s surroundings
54
Q

What is a healthcare associated infection (HAI)?

A

Healthcare associated infections are infections acquired in healthcare facilities and infections that occur as a result of healthcare interventions, which may only be noticeable after people leave the healthcare facility.

55
Q

When should alochol-based handrub be used and what are the five points for why we should use alcohol-based handrub?

A

Alcohol-based handrubs should be used when hands are visibly clean.

  1. Substantially reduce bacterial count on hands
  2. Require less time than handwashing
  3. Are more accessible
  4. Are self drying
  5. Are gentler on skin and cause less skin irritation and dryness than frequent soap and water washes, since all handrubs contain skin emollient (moisturisers)
56
Q

True or False: Hand hygiene is required with glove use?

A

True

57
Q

What are the three main types of contact dermatitis?

A
  1. irritant contact dermatitis (ICD)
  2. allergic contact dermatitis (ACD)
  3. contact urticaria.
58
Q

What are the four things you should do if contact dermatitis develops (Early recognition and referral process)?

A
  1. Report skin problem to management
  2. Follow skin care principles at work and home: most importantly using a fragrance free, greasy moisturising cream before bed
  3. See a GP or health practitioner if problems persist, as a prescription for a topical steroid ointment may be required
  4. If there is no improvement after initial treatment, referral to a dermatologist may be required. Patch testing, which is often performed by dermatologists in specialised clinics, may be needed to determine if there is an allergy to a product being used.

93202 Preparation for Clinical Practice (4 decks)

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