ACS: Neonate & Pediatrics Flashcards
What does APGAR stand for?
Appearance (color) Pulse (HR) Grimace (irritability) Activity (muscle tone) Respiration
Pulse ranges for: Infant Toddler School Age Adolescent
Infant: 120-160
Toddler: 80-130
School Age: 70-110
Adolescent: 60-100
BP Ranges for: Infant Toddler School Age *Older = assume normal
Infant: 60-90/30-55
Toddler: 70-80/45-65
School Age: 90-110/50-70
Respiration rates for:
Infant
Toddler
*Older = assume normal
Infant: 25-40
Toddler: 20-35
Constitutes a Preemie baby
Feces in the womb
Meconium
Cheesy, sticky material covering infant
Vernix caseosa
Soft hair covering infant/fetus
Lanugo
Unilateral bruise from delivery
Cephalhematoma
Bruise from delivery crossing suture
Caput succedaneum
Anterior fontanelle closes…
18 mo’s (to never)
Posterior fontanelle closes…
Approx 2 mo’s
Neonate projective vomiting
RUQ Olive mass
“String sign” on xray (pyloric channel)
Pyloric stenosis
Jaundice appearing (?) in less than 24 hours is considered…
Life threatening
Jaundice appearing (?) after 3 days is considered…
Self-limiting
Infant Seborrheic dermatitis
Cradle cap
Most primitive reflex
Grasp reflex
Suckling reflex
Disappear?
Tap under lip, baby purses lip
Disappearance soon after birth
Rooting reflex
Disappear?
Touch cheek, turn twd stimulus
Disappears w/in 3-4 mo’s
Tonic neck (fencers?) reflex Disappears?
Baby supine, turn their head and Ipsi arm and leg extend while contra arm and leg flex
Disappears w/in 2-6 mo’s
Moro’s Reflex
Aka Startle Reflex
Disappears?
Arms raise bilaterally to loud noise
Disappears in 4-6 mo’s
Pathological if persists
Babinski’s reflex
Disappears?
Stroke ball of foot, dorsiflexion occurs
Disappears after 2 years
Chvostek’s reflex
Tap the cheek, test for tetany (CN VII)
At what age would you see: Feeding every 3-4 hours Grasp toys Smile Raise head & chest in prone Recognize people
1-4 months old
At what age would you expect: Kick legs Roll onto back Gent on all four and rock Switch toys Teething
4-8 months
At what age can you introduce solid foods?
What should you not introduce?
6 months have NO honey (botulism) NO cows milk (iron deficiency)