ACS: Neonate & Pediatrics Flashcards by Brooke Crandall

What does APGAR stand for?

Appearance (color)
Pulse (HR)
Grimace (irritability)
Activity (muscle tone)
Respiration

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pulse ranges for:
Infant
Toddler
School Age
Adolescent

Infant: 120-160
Toddler: 80-130
School Age: 70-110
Adolescent: 60-100

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

BP Ranges for:
Infant
Toddler
School Age
*Older = assume normal

Infant: 60-90/30-55
Toddler: 70-80/45-65
School Age: 90-110/50-70

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Respiration rates for:
Infant
Toddler
*Older = assume normal

Infant: 25-40
Toddler: 20-35

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Constitutes a Preemie baby

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Feces in the womb

Meconium

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cheesy, sticky material covering infant

Vernix caseosa

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Soft hair covering infant/fetus

Lanugo

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Unilateral bruise from delivery

Cephalhematoma

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Bruise from delivery crossing suture

Caput succedaneum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Anterior fontanelle closes…

18 mo’s (to never)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Posterior fontanelle closes…

Approx 2 mo’s

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Neonate projective vomiting
RUQ Olive mass
“String sign” on xray (pyloric channel)

Pyloric stenosis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Jaundice appearing (?) in less than 24 hours is considered…

Life threatening

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Jaundice appearing (?) after 3 days is considered…

Self-limiting

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Infant Seborrheic dermatitis

Cradle cap

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Most primitive reflex

Grasp reflex

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Suckling reflex

Disappear?

Tap under lip, baby purses lip

Disappearance soon after birth

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Rooting reflex

Disappear?

Touch cheek, turn twd stimulus

Disappears w/in 3-4 mo’s

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Tonic neck (fencers?) reflex
Disappears?

Baby supine, turn their head and Ipsi arm and leg extend while contra arm and leg flex
Disappears w/in 2-6 mo’s

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Moro’s Reflex
Aka Startle Reflex
Disappears?

Arms raise bilaterally to loud noise
Disappears in 4-6 mo’s
Pathological if persists

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Babinski’s reflex

Disappears?

Stroke ball of foot, dorsiflexion occurs

Disappears after 2 years

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Chvostek’s reflex

Tap the cheek, test for tetany (CN VII)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

At what age would you see:
Feeding every 3-4 hours
Grasp toys
Smile
Raise head &amp; chest in prone
Recognize people

1-4 months old

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

``` At what age would you expect: Kick legs Roll onto back Gent on all four and rock Switch toys Teething ```

4-8 months

At what age can you introduce solid foods? | What should you not introduce?

``` 6 months have NO honey (botulism) NO cows milk (iron deficiency) ```

``` At what age would you expect: Sleep 8-10 hours Babble "da da/ ma ma" Shows preference Feed self (messy) Crawl - stand - walk ```

8-12 months

``` At what age would you expect: Walking Talking Short memory Play next to but not with others ```

12- 24 months

``` At what age would you expect: Toilet training Playing with others Running Washing self (supervised) ```

2 - 4 years

Which immunoglobulin crosses the placenta

IgG

Immunoglobulin high in mother's milk

IgA

Least allergic food

Rice

Most allergic foods

Whole milk and wheat (gluten)

Best grains

Corn & Rice | Avoid gluten

Inadequate calories

Marasmus

Inadequate protein only

Kwashiorkor

Most common malnutrition in USA

Obesity

Bone injuries suggestive of child abuse:

``` Metaphyseal chip Spiral rib Sub periosteal shearing Bucket-handle Repeated fracture site Multiple stages of healing ```

Caused by anoxia at birth

Cerebral palsy

Caused by aspirin

Reyes Syndrome

Papules on neonates face

Milia

"Prickly heat, Red soup" | Caused by blocked sweat ducts

Miliaria

Tests for hip dysplasia

Ortolans and Barlows

Barking cough Stridor Acute upper airway obstruction

Croup

Active vaginal infection during delivery can cause...

Conjunctivitis and blindness in neonate

Folate deficiency causes...

Neuro tube defects | B9

Flu-like symptoms are first sign

AIDS

``` "Sweat test"- salty baby Mucous plugging (pancreas & lungs) ```

Cystic Fibrosis

Oral fecal route of transmission

Hepatitis A

Most common day care disease

E Coli (diarrhea)

Good Pasteur's effects...

Lungs & renal systems

Megacolon aka....

Hirschsprung's

Lung infection | Dry cough

Respiratory syncytial virus

Itchy vesicles, lead to "scarring" | Varicella Zoster

Chicken pox

Pain is proximal to distal | Vesicles are distal to proximal

Herpes Zoster

Koplik spots | Rubeola

Measles

1st trimester dangerous to fetus | Rubella

German measles

Inspiratory stridor

Pertussis/ Whooping Cough

High fever Desquamation Many small pink spots

Roseola

Swollen parotid glands | Adult -> orchitis

Mumps

Pseudomembrane

Diptheria

Tick bite Bulls eye lesion Flu-like symptoms

Lyme disease

Post strep infection Migrating joint pain Glomerulonephritis

Rheumatic fever

Red tongue Circumoral pallor High fever

Scarlet fever

Raccoon sign & battle sign indicative of...

basal skull fractures

Test done at 1 min and 5 mins after birth

APGAR