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NBCE: NBS- Part 2 > ACS: Brain Functions & Mental Health > Flashcards

ACS: Brain Functions & Mental Health Flashcards

1
Q

Fx: personality, problem solving

A

Frontal lobe

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2
Q

Fx: Somatosensory (temp, pressure, position)

A

anterior edge- Parietal lobe

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3
Q

Fx: vision (color/shape)

A

Occipital lobe

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4
Q

Fx: Auditory & smell

A

Superior temporal lobe

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5
Q

Fx: speech (motor)

A

Broca’s area- frontal lobe (left hemisphere)

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6
Q

Fx: Speech (sensory, planning & understanding)

A

Wernicke’s area- Jxn of parietal, temporal & occipital

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7
Q

Fx: biological drives (thirst, hunger)

A

Hypothalamus

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8
Q

Fx: emotions

A

Near corpus colloquy & temporal lobe

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9
Q

Fx: visual & spatial

A

Right parietal

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10
Q

Fx: Understand language

A

Left parietal

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11
Q

Which hemisphere = Speech, organized, aware of time, visual

A

Left

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12
Q

Which hemisphere = movement & sensation on right body and right half visual field

A

Left

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13
Q

Which hemisphere = Needs a reason to follow rules, enjoys sensory stimulation

A

Left

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14
Q

Which hemisphere = Music & art appreciation, drawing ability, words to remember

A

Right

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15
Q

Which hemisphere = mvmnt & sensation on left side of body and left half visual field

A

Right

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16
Q

Which hemisphere = Follows rules, likes to observe rather than participate

A

Right

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17
Q

Time period for:

Isolation, lobotomies, ECT

A

Pre 1960’s

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18
Q

Time period for:

drugs, therapy, de-institutionalizations

A

Post 1960’s

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19
Q

What institution, in 1955, was very successful with mental illness?

A

Spear’s Chiropractic Hospital

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20
Q

Theory of Reasoned Action

A

Perception + family/friends + beliefs = action

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21
Q

Communication is based on:

A

Speech, eye contact, body language, body contact, & language

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22
Q

Combination of open-ended and direct questioning

A

Funneling

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23
Q

Non-reversible deterioration of cognition and behavior

A

Dementia

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24
Q

Often reversible acute confusion that may fluctuate

A

Delirium

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25
Q

Mania & melancholy mood swings
Appears around 20 y/o
Tax: lithium, drug stabilizers, mood charting

A

Bipolar disorder

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26
Q

Causes hypo manic & mild depressive episodes

A

Cyclothymic disorder

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27
Q

Aka depression, hopelessness, suicidal

High incidence: Alzheimer’s, DM, Parkinson’s, heart, stroke CA

A

Unipolar disease

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28
Q

Major depressive is ___ weeks of ___ symptoms

A

2 weeks of 4 symptoms (loss of appetite, insomnia, agitation, worthlessness, suicidal, poor concentration)

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29
Q

2 years of at least 3 symptoms (loss of appetite, insomnia, agitation, worthlessness, suicidal, poor concentration)

A

Dysthymic disorder

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30
Q

Tx for depression and dysthymia

A

Personal therapy, drugs, ECT, nutrition

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31
Q

Tx for Seasonal Affective Disorder

A

Light, exercise, comfort foods

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32
Q

Episodic
Young adults are most commonly affected
Reality is altered
Delusion, hear voices, disorganized speech

A

Schizophrenia

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33
Q

Types of schizophrenia (x4)

A
  1. Disorganized: unpredictable mood shifts
  2. Catatonic: Rigid posture, flat affect, masked fancies
  3. Paranoid: delusions of persecution
  4. Schizophreniform: adolescent onset, family induced, contradictory messages
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34
Q

No regard for self or others (lacks empathy)
Strongly amoral conduct masked by ability to appear outwardly normal
Verbal therapy not effective

A

Psychopath

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35
Q 
Believes they are superior, grandiose, lack remorse
Shallow emotions
Need stimulation
Pathological liar
Violent
A

Sociopath/antisocial

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36
Q

Multiple personalities
Childhood trauma
Can be short term event

A

Dissociative disorder

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37
Q

Physical complaint with no organic pathology, entirely unconscious

A

Somatoform disorders

38
Q

Convinced of a body flaw (real or imagined) and preoccupied with it

A

Dysmorphic disorder

39
Q

Food disorders

A

Anorexia: fear of fat
Bulimia: binge & purge (Barrett’s)
Pica: no nutritional value

40
Q

Psychic conflict causing physical symptom

A

Conversion disorder

41
Q

Preoccupation with personal health or contracting illness

A

Hypochondriac

42
Q

Females under 30 (usually in adolescence)
Multiple systems
Confusing

A

Somatization disorder

43
Q

Underlying emotional process

Pain often allows escape from responsibility

A

Somatoform pain disorder

44
Q

Constant excessive fear
Hypervigilant
S/s: twitching, sweating, dry mouth, HA, stomach ache, urinary frequency

A

General anxiety disorder (GAD)

45
Q

Occur with GAD, phobias, OCD, and/or PTSD

A

Panic attack

46
Q

Types of phobias (x2)

A
  1. Social: provoked by people or performance issues

2. Specific: provoked by object or situation

47
Q

Repetitive thoughts and repetitive actions

I.e. Cleaning, checking, repeating, hoarding, touching, etc.

A

Obsessive compulsive disorder

48
Q

Fear and anxiety following an emotional event
Flashbacks, sleep disorders (common)
Fibromyalgia, MFS, RLS

A

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

49
Q

In reality most of the time, hard on themselves
Low self esteem
Defense mechanisms are working overtime
To: support and enlighten

A

Neurosis

50
Q

Likes abuse

A

Masochist

51
Q

Inflicts abuse

A

Sadist

52
Q

Enjoys watching (sexual disorders)

A

Voyeur

53
Q

Enjoys showing (sexual disorders)

A

Exhibitionist

54
Q

Individual exaggerates personal complaints

A

Münchausen syndrome

55
Q

Caregiver inflicts harm on individual they care for

A

Munchausen by proxy

56
Q 
Preoccupation with ones owns thoughts
Slow language development
No smiling (6 mo's)
No babble (12 mo's)
Repeated phrases (24 mo's)
A

Autism

57
Q

Impulsive pattern
Inattentive, often dyslexic
Poor focus & academics

A

ADD

58
Q

Coping methods

Transfer one drive to opposite expression

A

Reaction formation

59
Q

Coping methods

Act out emotion on someone else

A

Displacement

60
Q

Coping methods

No feelings

A

Denial

61
Q

Coping methods

Ignore feelings

A

Repression

62
Q

Coping methods

Act younger

A

Regression

63
Q

Coping methods

Give undesirable trait away, “blame game”

A

Projections

64
Q

Coping methods

Excuse for behavior

A

Rationalize

65
Q

Coping methods

Transfer emotions towards Doctor (parents, lovers, etc)

A

Transference

66
Q

Coping methods

Replace socially unacceptable behavior with a more acceptable but similar one

A

Sublimation

67
Q 
Personality disorder
Self love (me, myself and I)
A

Narcissism

68
Q

Personality disorder

Feels inadequate, isolates

A

Avoidant

69
Q

Personality disorder

Believes everyone is out to get them

A

Paranoid

70
Q

Personality disorder

Afraid of a particular thing

A

Phobic

71
Q

Personality disorder

Peculiar dress, magical thinking and beliefs

A

Schizotypal

72
Q

Personality disorder

Overly dramatic, victim often, seductive

A

Histrionic

73
Q

Analyze underlying issues

A

Psychotherapy

74
Q

LIfe style change therapy
Vacation
In-patient, half-way house, etc

A

Milieu therapy

75
Q

Therapy for severe depression

A

Electroconvulsive Shock Therapy (ECT)

76
Q

Many different stimulus leads to the same response

Slow exposure

A

Generalization

77
Q

Psychotherapy

Focused on self-actual inning and personal growth

A

Humanistic therapy

78
Q

Hierarchy of Needs

Physiological needs - self actualization

A

Abraham MASLOW

79
Q

Dream analysis
Free association, hypnotherapy
Unconscious entities: ID, EGO, SUPEREGO

A

Freud

80
Q

ID:
EGO:
SUPEREGO:

A

ID: kid, unconscious primitive
EGO: reality, control
SUPEREGO: unconscious, conscience, guilt

81
Q

Psychoanalysis

Student of Freud

A

Jung

82
Q

Desensitization
Aversion, reinforcements, shaping
3 types

A 
Behavior medicine
(Aversion, Avoidance, Conditioning)
83
Q

Associate behavior with negative consequences

A

Aversion behavioral medicine

84
Q

Avoid person, place and things associated with behavior

A

Avoidance behavioral medicine

85
Q

Subtypes: classical, modeling, and operant

A

Conditioning behavioral medicine

86
Q

Classical Conditioning

A 
Pavlov's dogs
Unconditioned stimulus (food) and reflex (salivate)
Conditioned stimulus (bell) and reflex (salivate)
Stimulus and response are related
87
Q

Modeling Conditioning

A

Environment
Influence
Video
Music

88
Q

Operant Conditioning

A 
Skinner "pay offs"
To change behavior
Stimulus and response are UNrelated
Negative- fastest
Positive- longest
89
Q 
Psychology tests:
Standford Binet =
WISC = 
MMPI =
Rorschach =
MMSE =
A 
Standford Binet = IQ - adult
WISC = IQ - kid
MMPI = Personality
Rorschach = Projective
MMSE = memory and mental status
90
Q

Fx: Voluntary motor

A

Frontal lobe & cerebellum

NBCE: NBS- Part 2 (9 decks)

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