ACS: Lungs & Male Genitourinary Disorders Flashcards
Percussion: Flat = ?
Fremitus: Decreased
Solid
Atelectasis, tumor, pneumoconiosis
Percussion: Tympany = ?
Fremitus: Normal
GI- Air
Megenblase (gastric air bubble), flatulance
Percussion: Dull = ?
Fremitus: Increased
Fluid
Bacterial pneumonia, CHF, Pulmonary Edema
Percussion: Hyperresonance = ?
Fremitus: Decreased
Air
COPD, emphysema, pneumothorax
High pitched sound usually indicating asthma
Wheezing (musical rales, crackles)
Highest pitch noise indicating a medical emergency
Stridor (inspiratory crowing)
Prolonged expiration
COPD
Respiratory lag
Pneumothorax
Friction rub
Pleurisy (rapid, shallow breathing)
Friction rub heard in the abdomen…
Enlarged viscera
Spoken word is clear
Bronchophony
“Ee -> aa”
Egophony
Whisper is louder
Whispered pectoriloquy
Cheyne’s stokes
Rhythmical apnea indicative of brain lesion
Irregular apnea indicating medulla involvement
Biot’s aka ataxic respiration
Air hunger
Associated with diabetic coma
Deep breathing
Kussmaul
Rapid breathing
Circumoral tingling
TX: carbon dioxide
Hyperventilation
Pink puffer
Balloon lungs
Emphysema
Blue bloated
Chronic bronchitis
Yellow- green sputum
Bronchi entasis, chronic bronchitis
Rusty sputum
Pneumococcal pneumonia
Red currant jelly sputum
Klebsiella pneumonia
Foul sputum
Lung abscess
Pink sputum
Strep
Pink and Frothy sputum
CHF, pulmonary edema
Red sputum
TB, infarct, cancer
Congenital defect on ventral surface of penis
Hypospadias
Congenital defect on dorsal surface of penis
Epispadias
Foreskin cannot be fully retracted over the glans penis
Phimosis
Foreskin becomes trapped behind/under the glans penis
Paraphimosis
Non-tender, transilluminates, can palate above mass
Hydro else
Does not transilluminates
Borborygml possible
Cannot palpate above mass
Scrotal hernia
HCG
Often painless nodule
Does not transilluminates
Tumor (Seminoma)
“Bag of worms”
Dependent edema
Varicocele
Common
Cutaneous firm, yellow cyst
Often multiple in men and women
EPidermoid cyst
Reddened testes
Tender
Transilluminates
Posterior-superior scrotal swelling
Epididymitis
Blunt trauma Painful Swollen Adolescence Medical emergency
Testicular torsion
Non-descending testicle
Causes underdeveloped scrotum
Increased risk of cancer
Cryptorchism
Sustained erection for more than 4 hours
ED drugs, CNS trauma, & intracranial pressure
Priapism
Inflamed glans penis
Balanitis
Crooked erection
Peyronie’s
Fever
Warm, tender prostate
Acute prostatitis
Painful ejaculation
Blood with ejaculation
Chronic prostatitis
Lateral lobes boggy
smooth, non-tender
Benign prostatic hyper trophy (BPH)
Posterior lobe, firm
Nodular, non-tender
Prostate cancer
Screening test for Prostate Cancer
PSA
Diagnostic test for Prostate cancer
DRE, Biopsy
Treatment for prostate cancer determined by…
Gleason’s score (1-5)
Hernias in females occur in…
Femoral
Hernias in Older males occur…
Direct. Sits on scrotum
Hernias in young males…
Indirect. In scrotum
Percussion = Resonant = ? Fremitus = Normal
Normal
Viral pneumonia, laryngitis