ACS and AMI

Question 1

Risk factors of Coronary Artery Disease

Answer 1

family history
gender
race
age
cigarettes
diabetes
hypertension
elevated cholesterol blood levels
elevated triglyceride blood levels
obesity
lack of exercise
stres
cocaine use

Question 2

Mycardial Ischaemia

Answer 2

a degree or complete absense of blood supply to myocardial tissue
lack of ocygen within the cardiac cells

Question 3

Myocardial injury

Answer 3

if ischaemia is severe or prolonged, moderate to severe injury occurs
cells stop functioning normally
unable to contract or generate or conduct electrical impulses properly
they remain salvageable for some time

Question 4

Myocardial Infarction

Answer 4

if ischaemia continues to myocytes sustain irreversible injury and die
becoming electrically inert
cellular death occurs, necrosis is present

Question 5

angina and unstable angina

Answer 5

Stable: exertion induced angina that characteristically remains unchanged from episode to episode
unstable: a new onset of exertional angina, the appearance of post MI angina, the appearance of angina at rest

Question 6

STEMI and Non STEMI

Answer 6

STEMI - ST elevation occurs in conjunction to an MI

Non-STEMI - no ST elevation occurs in conjunction to an MI

Question 7

Arrest

Answer 7

VT or VF is the most common cause
lethal arrhythmias are msot likely the result of the myocardial ischaemia and injury that follows the rupture of a plaque and consequent thrombolytic occlusion of a coronary artery

Question 8

ECG changes in AMI

Answer 8

myocardial ischaemia: symmetrical T wave or elevation and ST segment elevation or depression
myocardial injury: ST segment elevation or depression
myocardial necrosis: abnormal Q waves