Acronyms and Definitions Flashcards
Define System
A collection of elements that interact to achieve a common goal
Define Internet
Resources available for the public
Define Intranet
Resources available only for users or systems of a specific organization.
Define Computing
Any activity that uses a computer to manage, process, or share information
Define Computer Science?
Addresses the design and implementation of software with an emphasis on developing effective ways to solve computing problems and creating new ways to use computers.
Define Extranet
Makes resources available within the organization but it also makes that information available to other specific organizations or users such as third-party consultants.
Define computing
Any activity that uses a computer to manage, process, or share information.
Define Software Engineering
Large software systems are constructed across enterprises to meet business requirements and support business-critical activities
Define Information systems
Integrates solutions meant to meet organizational and business goals
Define Information Technology
Focuses more on the technology supporting systems in an organization rather than the information residing on them or being communicated with them.
Define Information
A collection of processed data from a variety of sources
Define Data
Raw facts and information
No Context
Define Knowledge
A dynamic combination of experience, values, contextual information, expert insight, and grounded intuition that provides an environment and framework for evaluating and incorporating new experiences and information.
Define wisdom?
Knowing the right thing to do.
What are big data and data science?
Take us from seeing and learning about the past and present to looking at the future and making predictions.
With data science we discover connections that we might not have imagined existed.
What is structured data?
Structured data is coded in a way that makes it easy to convert into a form usable for analysis
What is unstructured data
Refers to data that is more complex and possibly stored in a format that is not as easily decoded and structured data. It takes more time to parse through to retrieve essential information
What are information systems
Collections of data and information used to support decision making in organizations.
IaaS
Infrastructure as a Service
PaaS
Platform as a Service
Saas
Software as a Service
CRM
Customer Relationship Management (System)
IPO
Input-Process-Output
IPOS
Input-Process-Output-Storage
Define input?
A requirement from the environment
Processing
A computation based on the requirement (input)
Output
A provision for the environment
What is liveware?
People. The users of computers.
What is hardware?
The electronic and mechanical parts of a computer system.
Components you can physically touch.
What is software?
Components of a computer system that share software and data between hardware and software elements of a computer
Allows the hardware and software to communicate with one another, enabling data to move between computer system components.
What is a network?
Systems of hardware and software components that connect two or more devices for the purpose of sharing data and information.
LAN
Local Area Network
WAN
Wide Area Networks
PAN
Personal Area Network
ENIAC
Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator
EDVAC
Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer
UNIVAC
Universal Automatic Computer
FORTRAN
FORmula TRANslation
COBOL
COmmon Buisness-Oriented Language
ULSI
Ultra-Large-Scale Integration
USB
Universal Serial Bus
SRAM
Static Random Access Memory
DRAM
Dynamic Random Access Memory
BIOS
Basic Input Output System
UEFI
Unified Extensible Firmware Interface
PCIE
Peripheral Component Interconnect Express
ISA
Industry Standard Architecture
EISA
Extended Industry Standard Architecture
ALU
Arithmetic Logic Unit
MAR
Memory Address Register
MDR
Memory Data Register
AC
Accumulator
PC
NOT personal computer
Program Counter
CIR
Current Instruction Register
Define Ephemeral
data is lost when the computer is powered off.
ROM
Read Only Memory
What is the Data bus?
Carries data between the processor, the memory unit, and the input/output devices
What is the control bus?
Carries control signals (commands) from the CPU (and status signals from devices); controls and coordinates all activities within the computer system.
What is the tower of chassis?
The system unit
PB
Petabyte
What is a workstation
a single-user computer designed for technical or scientific applications.
What is a microcomputer?
commonly known as a personal computer. general-purpose computer for individual use.
OEM
Original Equipment Manufacturers
CLI
Command Line Interface
DOS
Disk Operating System
GUI
Graphical user interface
HCI
Human computer interaction
GECOS
General electric comprehensive operating system
NAS
Network attached storage device
What is paging?
A memory management technique of rotating programs and data between primary and secondary memory
Middleware
Another name for device drivers
EULA
End user license agreements
Php
Hypertext processor
Previously personal home page
DBMS
Database management system
IoT
Internet of things
SQL
Structured Query Language
OO
Object oriented (database)
NoSQL
Not only SQL
DBA
Database administrator
BI
Buisness intelligence
BYOD
BRING YOUR OWN DEVICE
CIO
Chief information officer
CISO
Chief information security officer
WBS
Work breakdown structure
SDLC
Software development life cycle
CASE
Computer aided software engineering
IDE
Integrated development environments
ISO
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION
ACM
Association for computing machinery
IEEE
Institute of electrical and electronics engineers
COTS
Commercial off the shelf
SRS
System requirement specification
UX
User experience
DRP
DISASTER RECOVERY PLAN
UID
Unique identifiers
EPSRC
ENGINEERING AND PHYSICAL SCIENCE RESEARCH COUNCIL
AHRC
Arts and humanities research Council
Asa
American statistical association
AITP
Association of information technology professionals
AUP
ACCEPTABLE USE POLICY
CIA
Confidentiality integrity availability
RFP
Request for proposals
