Acronymns Flashcards

1
Q

AC

A

alternating current

(an electric current that reverses its direction many times a second at regular intervals, typically used in power supplies.)

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2
Q

ACPI

A

advanced configuration and power interface

(specifies how a computer’s basic input/output system, operating system, and peripheral devices communicate with each other about power usage.)

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3
Q

ACT

A

activity

measurable amount of work performed to convert inputs into outputs.

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4
Q

ADSL

A

asymmetrical digital subscriber line

(a type of digital subscriber line (DSL) technology, a data communications technology that enables faster data transmission over copper telephone lines rather than a conventional voiceband modem can provide.)

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5
Q

AGP

A

accelerated graphics port

(a high-speed point-to-point channel for attaching a video card to a computer system, primarily to assist in the acceleration of 3D computer graphics. It was originally designed as a successor to PCI-type connections for video cards.)

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6
Q

AMD

A

Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.

(an American multinational semiconductor company based in Sunnyvale, California, United States, that develops computer processors and related technologies for business and consumer markets.)

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7
Q

AMR

A

audio modem riser

(a riser expansion slot found on the motherboards of some Pentium III, Pentium 4, Duron, and Athlon personal computers. It was designed by Intel to interface with chipsets and provide analog functionality, such as sound cards and modems, on an expansion card.)

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8
Q

APIPA

A

automatic private internet protocol addressing

(a feature of Windows-based operating systems (included in Windows 98, ME, 2000, and XP) that enables a computer to automatically assign itself an IP address when there is no Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server available to perform that function.)

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9
Q

APM

A

advanced power management

(an API developed by Intel and Microsoft and released in 1992 which enables an operating system running an IBM-compatible personal computer to work with the BIOS (part of the computer’s firmware) to achieve power management.)

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10
Q

ARP

A

address resolution protocol

(a protocol used by the Internet Protocol (IP) [RFC826], specifically IPv4, to map IP network addresses to the hardware addresses used by a data link protocol. The protocol operates below the network layer as a part of the interface between the OSI network and OSI link layer.)

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11
Q

ASR

A

automated system recovery

(a feature of the Windows XP operating system that can be used to simplify recovery of a computer’s system or boot volumes. ASR consists of two parts: an automated backup, and an automated restore. The backup portion can be accessed in the Backup utility under System Tools.)

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12
Q

AT

A

advanced technology

(a technology that is still immature but promises to deliver significant value, or that has some technical maturity but still has relatively few users. Among current examples: artificial intelligence, agents, speech and handwriting recognition, virtual reality and 3D visualization, smart cards, real-time collaboration, enhanced user authentication, data mining, and knowledge management.)

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13
Q

ATA

A

advanced technology attachment

(a standard physical interface for connecting storage devices within a computer. ATA allows hard disks and CD-ROMs to be internally connected to the motherboard and perform basic input/output functions.)

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14
Q

ATAPI

A

advanced technology attachment packet interface

(a protocol that has been applied to Parallel ATA and Serial ATA that allows a greater variety of devices to be connected to a computer than ATA would allow.)

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15
Q

ATM

A

asynchronous transfer mode

(a switching technique used by telecommunication networks that uses asynchronous time-division multiplexing to encode data into small, fixed-sized cells. This is different from Ethernet or Internet, which use variable packet sizes for data or frames.)

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16
Q

ATX

A

advanced technology extended

(a motherboard configuration specification developed by Intel in 1995 to improve on previous de facto standards like the AT design.)

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17
Q

BIOS

A

basic input/output system

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18
Q

BNC

A

Bayonet-Neill-Concelman or British Navel Connector

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19
Q

BRI

A

basic rate interface

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20
Q

BTX

A

balanced technology extended

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21
Q

CCD

A

charged coupled device

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22
Q

CD

A

compact disc

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23
Q

CD-ROM

A

compact disc-read-only memory

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24
Q

CD-RW

A

compact disc-rewritable

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25
Q

CDFS

A

compact disc file system

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26
Q

CMOS

A

complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

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27
Q

CNR

A

communication network riser

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28
Q

COM1

A

communication port 1

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29
Q

CPU

A

central processing unit

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30
Q

CRIMM

A

continuity-rambus inline memory module

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31
Q

CRT

A

cathode-ray tube

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32
Q

DAC

A

discretionary access control

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33
Q

DB-25

A

serial communications D-shell connector, 25 pins

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34
Q

DB-9

A

9 pin D shell connector

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35
Q

DC

A

direct current

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36
Q

DDOS

A

distributed denial of service

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37
Q

DDR

A

double data-rate

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38
Q

DDR RAM

A

double data-rate random access memory

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39
Q

DDR SDRAM

A

double data-rate synchronous dynamic random access memory

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40
Q

DFS

A

distributed file system

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41
Q

DHCP

A

dynamic host configuration protocol

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42
Q

DIMM

A

dual inline memory module

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43
Q

DIN

A

Deutsche Industrie Norm

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44
Q

DIP

A

dual inline package

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45
Q

DLT

A

digital linear tape

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46
Q

DLP

A

digital light processing

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47
Q

DMA

A

direct memory access

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48
Q

DNS

A

domain name service or domain name server

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49
Q

DOS

A

disk operating system or denial of service

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50
Q

DPMS

A

display power management signaling

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51
Q

DRAM

A

dynamic random access memory

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52
Q

DSL

A

digital subscriber line

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53
Q

DVD

A

digital video disc or digital versatile disc

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54
Q

DVD-RAM

A

digital video disc-random access memory

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55
Q

DVD-ROM

A

digital video disc-read only memory

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56
Q

DVD-R

A

digital video disc-recordable

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57
Q

DVD-RW

A

digital video disc-rewritable

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58
Q

DVI

A

digital visual interface

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59
Q

ECC

A

error correction code

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60
Q

ECP

A

extended capabilities port

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61
Q

EEPROM

A

electrically erasable programmable read-only memory

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62
Q

EFS

A

encrypting file system

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63
Q

EIDE

A

enhanced integrated drive electronics

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64
Q

EISA

A

extended industry standard architecture

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65
Q

EMI

A

electromagnetic interference

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66
Q

EMP

A

electromagnetic pulse

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67
Q

EPROM

A

erasable programmable read-only memory

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68
Q

EPP

A

enhanced parallel port

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69
Q

ERD

A

emergency repair disk

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70
Q

ESD

A

electrostatic discharge

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71
Q

ESDI

A

enhanced small device interface

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72
Q

EVGA

A

extended video graphics adapter/array

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73
Q

EVDO

A

evolution data optimized or evolution data only

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74
Q

FAT

A

file allocation table

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75
Q

FAT12

A

12-bit file allocation table

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76
Q

FAT16

A

16-bit file allocation table

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77
Q

FAT32

A

32-bit file allocation table

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78
Q

FDD

A

floppy disk drive

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79
Q

FERPA

A

Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act

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80
Q

Fn

A

Function (referring to the function key on a laptop)

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81
Q

FPM

A

fast page-mode

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82
Q

FRU

A

field replaceable unit

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83
Q

FTP

A

file transfer protocol

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84
Q

FQDN

A

fully qualified domain name

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85
Q

Gb

A

gigabit

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86
Q

GB

A

gigabyte

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87
Q

GDI

A

graphics device interface

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88
Q

GHz

A

gigahertz

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89
Q

GUI

A

graphical user interface

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90
Q

GPRS

A

general packet radio system

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91
Q

GSM

A

global system for mobile communications

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92
Q

HAL

A

hardware abstraction layer

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93
Q

HCL

A

hardware compatibility list

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94
Q

HDD

A

hard disk drive

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95
Q

HDMi

A

high definition media interface

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96
Q

HPFS

A

high performance file system

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97
Q

HTML

A

hypertext markup language

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98
Q

HTTP

A

hypertext transfer protocol

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99
Q

HTTPS

A

hypertext transfer protocol over secure sockets layer

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100
Q

I/O

A

input/output

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101
Q

ICMP

A

internet control message protocol

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102
Q

ICS

A

internet connection sharing

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103
Q

ICR

A

intelligent character recognition

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104
Q

IDE

A

integrated drive electronics

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105
Q

IEEE

A

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

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106
Q

IIS

A

Internet Information Services

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107
Q

IMAP

A

internet mail access protocol

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108
Q

IP

A

internet protocol

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109
Q

IPCONFIG

A

internet protocol configuration

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110
Q

IPP

A

internet printing protocol

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111
Q

IPSEC

A

internet protocol security

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112
Q

IPX

A

internetwork packet exchange

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113
Q

IPX/SPX

A

internetwork packet exchange/sequenced packet exchange

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114
Q

IR

A

infrared

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115
Q

IrDA

A

Infrared Data Association

116
Q

IRQ

A

interrupt request

117
Q

ISA

A

industry standard architecture

118
Q

ISDN

A

integrated services digital network

119
Q

ISO

A

Industry Standards Organization

120
Q

ISP

A

internet service provider

121
Q

Kb

A

kilobit

122
Q

KB

A

kilobyte

123
Q

LAN

A

local area network

124
Q

LBA

A

logical block addressing

125
Q

LC

A

Lucent connector

126
Q

LCD

A

liquid crystal display

127
Q

LDAP

A

lightweight directory access protocol

128
Q

LED

A

light emitting diode

129
Q

LIP or LiPoly

A

lithium-ion polymer

130
Q

Li-on

A

lithium-ion

131
Q

LPD/LPR

A

line printer daemon / line printer remote

132
Q

LPT

A

line printer terminal

133
Q

LPT1

A

line printer terminal 1

134
Q

LPX

A

low profile extended

135
Q

LVD

A

low voltage differential

136
Q

MAC

A

media access control

137
Q

MAN

A

metropolitan area network

138
Q

MAPI

A

messaging application programming interface

139
Q

Mb

A

megabit

140
Q

MB

A

megabyte

141
Q

MBR

A

master boot record

142
Q

MBSA

A

Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer

143
Q

MCR

A

multivariant curve resolution

144
Q

MFD

A

multi-function device

145
Q

MFP

A

multi-function product

146
Q

MHz

A

megahertz

147
Q

MicroDIMM

A

micro dual inline memory module

148
Q

MIDI

A

musical instrument digital interface

149
Q

MIME

A

multipurpose internet mail extension

150
Q

MLI

A

multiple link interface

151
Q

MMC

A

Microsoft management console

152
Q

MMX

A

multimedia extensions

153
Q

MP3

A

Moving Picture Experts Group Layer 3 Audio

154
Q

MPEG

A

Moving Picture Experts Group

155
Q

MSCONFIG

A

Microsoft configuration

156
Q

MSDS

A

material safety data sheet

157
Q

MUI

A

multilingual user interface

158
Q

NAS

A

network-attached storage

159
Q

NAT

A

network address translation

160
Q

NetBIOS

A

networked basic input/output system

161
Q

NetBEUI

A

networked basic input/output system extended user interface

162
Q

NFS

A

network file system

163
Q

NIC

A

network interface card

164
Q

NiCd

A

nickel cadmium

165
Q

NiMH

A

nickel metal hydride

166
Q

NLI

A

not logged in or natural language interface

167
Q

NLX

A

new low-profile extended

168
Q

NNTP

A

network news transfer protocol

169
Q

NTFS

A

new technology file system

170
Q

NTLDR

A

new technology loader

171
Q

NWLINK

A

Netware Link

172
Q

OCR

A

optical character recognition

173
Q

OEM

A

original equipment manufacturer

174
Q

OMR

A

original equipment manufacturer

175
Q

OS

A

operating system

176
Q

OSR

A

original equipment manufacturer service release

177
Q

PAN

A

personal area network

178
Q

PATA

A

parallel advanced technology attachment

179
Q

PC

A

personal computer

180
Q

PCI

A

peripheral component interconnect

181
Q

PCIe

A

peripheral component interconnect express

182
Q

PCIX

A

peripheral component interconnect extended

183
Q

PCL

A

printer control language

184
Q

PCMCIA

A

Personal Computer Memory Card International Association

185
Q

PDA

A

personal digital assistant

186
Q

PGA

A

pin grid array

187
Q

PGA2

A

pin grid array 2

188
Q

PIN

A

personal identification number

189
Q

PKI

A

public key infrastructure

190
Q

PnP

A

plug and play

191
Q

POP

A

post office protocol

192
Q

POP3

A

post office protocol 3

193
Q

POST

A

power-on self test

194
Q

POTS

A

plain old telephone service

195
Q

PPP

A

point-to-point protocol

196
Q

PPTP

A

point-to-point tunneling protocol

197
Q

PRI

A

primary rate interface

198
Q

PROM

A

programmable read-only memory

199
Q

PS/2

A

Personal System/2 connector

200
Q

PSTN

A

public switched telephone network

201
Q

PVC

A

permanent virtual circuit

202
Q

PXE

A

preboot execution environment

203
Q

QoS

A

quality of service

204
Q

RAID

A

redundant array of independent (or inexpensive) discs

205
Q

RAM

A

random access memory

206
Q

RAS

A

remote access service

207
Q

RBAC

A

role-based access control or rule-based access control

208
Q

RDRAM

A

RAMBUS® dynamic random access memory

209
Q

RF

A

radio frequency

210
Q

RFI

A

radio frequency interference

211
Q

RGB

A

red green blue

212
Q

RIMM

A

RAMBUS® inline memory module

213
Q

RIP

A

routing information protocol

214
Q

RIS

A

remote installation service

215
Q

RISC

A

reduced instruction set computer

216
Q

RJ

A

registered jack

217
Q

RJ-11

A

registered jack function 11

218
Q

RJ-45

A

registered jack function 45

219
Q

RMA

A

returned materials authorization

220
Q

ROM

A

read only memory

221
Q

RS-232 or RS-232C

A

recommended standard 232

222
Q

RTC

A

real-time clock

223
Q

SAN

A

storage area network

224
Q

SATA

A

serial advanced technology attachment

225
Q

SC

A

subscription channel

226
Q

SCSI

A

small computer system interface

227
Q

SCSI ID

A

small computer system interface identifier

228
Q

SD card

A

secure digital card

229
Q

SDRAM

A

synchronous dynamic random access memory

230
Q

SEC

A

single edge connector

231
Q

SFC

A

system file checker

232
Q

SGRAM

A

synchronous graphics random access memory

233
Q

SIMM

A

single inline memory module

234
Q

SLI

A

scalable link interface or system level integration or scanline interleave mode

235
Q

SMB

A

server message block or small to midsize business

236
Q

SMTP

A

simple mail transport protocol

237
Q

SNMP

A

simple network management protocol

238
Q

SoDIMM

A

small outline dual inline memory module

239
Q

SOHO

A

small office/home office

240
Q

SP

A

service pack

241
Q

SP1

A

service pack 1

242
Q

SP2

A

service pack 2

243
Q

SPDIF

A

Sony-Philips digital interface format

244
Q

SPGA

A

staggered pin grid array

245
Q

SPX

A

sequenced package exchange

246
Q

SRAM

A

static random access memory

247
Q

SSH

A

secure shell

248
Q

SSID

A

service set identifier

249
Q

SSL

A

secure sockets layer

250
Q

ST

A

straight tip

251
Q

STP

A

shielded twisted pair

252
Q

SVGA

A

super video graphics array

253
Q

SXGA

A

super extended graphics array

254
Q

TB

A

terabyte

255
Q

TCP

A

transmission control protocol

256
Q

TCP/IP

A

transmission control protocol/internet protocol

257
Q

TDR

A

time domain reflectometer

258
Q

TFTP

A

trivial file transfer protocol

259
Q

UART

A

universal asynchronous receiver transmitter

260
Q

UDF

A

user defined functions or universal disk format or universal data format

261
Q

UDMA

A

ultra direct memory access

262
Q

UDP

A

user datagram protocol

263
Q

UL

A

Underwriter’s Laboratory

264
Q

UNC

A

universal naming convention

265
Q

UPS

A

uninterruptible power supply

266
Q

URL

A

uniform resource locator

267
Q

USB

A

universal serial bus

268
Q

USMT

A

user state migration tool

269
Q

UTP

A

unshielded twisted pair

270
Q

UXGA

A

ultra extended graphics array

271
Q

VESA

A

Video Electronics Standards Association

272
Q

VFAT

A

virtual file allocation table

273
Q

VGA

A

video graphics array

274
Q

VoIP

A

voice over internet protocol

275
Q

VPN

A

virtual private network

276
Q

VRAM

A

video random access memory

277
Q

WAN

A

wide area network

278
Q

WAP

A

wireless application protocol

279
Q

WEP

A

wired equivalent privacy

280
Q

WIFI

A

wireless fidelity

281
Q

WINS

A

windows internet name service

282
Q

WLAN

A

wireless local area network

283
Q

WPA

A

wireless protected access

284
Q

WUXGA

A

wide ultra extended graphics array

285
Q

XGA

A

extended graphics array

286
Q

ZIF

A

zero-insertion-force

287
Q

ZIP

A

zigzag inline package