Acquired Immunity: pgs 6-9 Flashcards
Where is the site of production of all the blood cells?
Bone marrow (just before birth and on)
__________________ cells can develop into megakaryocytes and produce platelets.
Myeloid stem cells
What promotes the differentiation of eosinophils?
IL-5
What promotes the differentiation of basophils?
IL-3
What promotes the development of neutrophils?
G-CSF
What promotes the development of monocytes?
M-CSF
The pluripotent stem cell splits into two lineages ______________ or _______________.
Myeloid or Lymphoid
What factors help maintain the steady state levels of hematopoiesis?
IL-3, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, GM-CSF, G-CSF, and M-CSF
What are the steady state levels of production per day?
3.7 x 10^11 cells per day
In response to infection the rate of hematopoiesis can increase by ___ to ___ fold.
10 to 20 fold
What factors stimulate early hematopoietic progenitor cells?
IL-3, IL-5, and IL-6
What stimulates B protenitor and mast cell progenitors?
IL-4
What factor enhances neutrophil activity?
IL-8
What factor promotes mast cell growth?
IL-9
_____________ are immature macrophages.
Monocytes
Where do monocytes mature?
They migrate to the tissues where they differentiate further.
What is the RES?
Reticuloendothelial system - fixed macrophages that work as a phagocytic system to remove effete or damaged cells
Where do B cells produce and mature?
Bone marrow
What chain does a preB cell have in its cytoplasm?
Mu chain
What molecules does the immature B cell have on its surface?
IgM and HLA-D molecules
What molecules does a mature B cell have on its surface?
IgM IgD CD32 CR1 (CD35) - C3b receptor CR2 (CD21) - only humans have this
T cell precursors are produced in the __________________.
Bone marrow
______ cells migrate from the bone marrow to the thymus.
Pre-T
PreT cells are initially CD4-CD8-, then become CD4+CD8+TCR+CD3+, then either loose ____ or ____, upon where they leave the thymus as mature T cells.
CD4 or CD8
50-70% of the circulating leukocytes are __________.
Neutrophils
How long do neutrophils circulate before entering tissues?
7-10 hours
What is the lifespan of a neutrophil?
3 days
What is the primary phagocyte at the wound site?
Neutrophils
1-3% of the circulating leukocyte ___________ is phagocytic and thought to be important in antiparasite response.
Eosinophil
___________ release pharmacologically active substances contained within cytoplasmic granules and is involved in type I hypersensitivity.
Basophils
What cell is similar to a basophil in action but doesn’t circulate? This is active in allergic reactions.
Mast cells
What cell is a descendant of the macrophage and is a nonphagocytic cell whose sole purpose appears to be the presentation of antigen to lymphocyte?
Dendritic cells
