Acquired Immunity: pgs 6-9

Question 1

Where is the site of production of all the blood cells?

Answer 1

Bone marrow (just before birth and on)

Question 2

__________________ cells can develop into megakaryocytes and produce platelets.

Answer 2

Myeloid stem cells

Question 3

What promotes the differentiation of eosinophils?

Answer 3

IL-5

Question 4

What promotes the differentiation of basophils?

Answer 4

IL-3

Question 5

What promotes the development of neutrophils?

Answer 5

G-CSF

Question 6

What promotes the development of monocytes?

Answer 6

M-CSF

Question 7

The pluripotent stem cell splits into two lineages ______________ or _______________.

Answer 7

Myeloid or Lymphoid

Question 8

What factors help maintain the steady state levels of hematopoiesis?

Answer 8

IL-3, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, GM-CSF, G-CSF, and M-CSF

Question 9

What are the steady state levels of production per day?

Answer 9

3.7 x 10^11 cells per day

Question 10

In response to infection the rate of hematopoiesis can increase by ___ to ___ fold.

Answer 10

10 to 20 fold

Question 11

What factors stimulate early hematopoietic progenitor cells?

Answer 11

IL-3, IL-5, and IL-6

Question 12

What stimulates B protenitor and mast cell progenitors?

Answer 12

IL-4

Question 13

What factor enhances neutrophil activity?

Answer 13

IL-8

Question 14

What factor promotes mast cell growth?

Answer 14

IL-9

Question 15

_____________ are immature macrophages.

Answer 15

Monocytes

Question 16

Where do monocytes mature?

Answer 16

They migrate to the tissues where they differentiate further.

Question 17

What is the RES?

Answer 17

Reticuloendothelial system - fixed macrophages that work as a phagocytic system to remove effete or damaged cells

Question 18

Where do B cells produce and mature?

Answer 18

Bone marrow

Question 19

What chain does a preB cell have in its cytoplasm?

Answer 19

Mu chain

Question 20

What molecules does the immature B cell have on its surface?

Answer 20

IgM and HLA-D molecules

Question 21

What molecules does a mature B cell have on its surface?

Answer 21

IgM
IgD
CD32
CR1 (CD35) - C3b receptor
CR2 (CD21) - only humans have this

Question 22

T cell precursors are produced in the __________________.

Answer 22

Bone marrow

Question 23

______ cells migrate from the bone marrow to the thymus.

Answer 23

Pre-T

Question 24

PreT cells are initially CD4-CD8-, then become CD4+CD8+TCR+CD3+, then either loose ____ or ____, upon where they leave the thymus as mature T cells.

Answer 24

CD4 or CD8

Question 25

50-70% of the circulating leukocytes are __________.

Answer 25

Neutrophils

Question 26

How long do neutrophils circulate before entering tissues?

Answer 26

7-10 hours

Question 27

What is the lifespan of a neutrophil?

Answer 27

3 days

Question 28

What is the primary phagocyte at the wound site?

Answer 28

Neutrophils

Question 29

1-3% of the circulating leukocyte ___________ is phagocytic and thought to be important in antiparasite response.

Answer 29

Eosinophil

Question 30

___________ release pharmacologically active substances contained within cytoplasmic granules and is involved in type I hypersensitivity.

Answer 30

Basophils

Question 31

What cell is similar to a basophil in action but doesn’t circulate? This is active in allergic reactions.

Answer 31

Mast cells

Question 32

What cell is a descendant of the macrophage and is a nonphagocytic cell whose sole purpose appears to be the presentation of antigen to lymphocyte?

Answer 32

Dendritic cells