Acquired immune system

Question 1

Acquired immune system define

Answer 1

The acquired immune response is specific and has memory.

• Specificity – ability to recognize, and respond to specific targets
• Memory – second exposure to the same antigen produces a larger and more rapid
  response.

The adaptive immune response is much slower than the innate immune response.

Question 2

What is a lymphocyte

Answer 2

Effector cells - type of cell in the body that carries out a specific activity in response to stimulation.

Each lymphocyte has specific receptors for only one antigen.

Question 3

What is an antigen

Answer 3

Antigens are molecules which are recognised by receptors on lymphocytes and elicit
a specific immune response to that antigen

Antigen presenting cells (APCs) collect antigens from infected tissues and display
them to activate lymphoid cells.

Question 4

What are cytokines

Answer 4

act as messengers between cells of the immune system

Question 5

Humoral immunity

Answer 5

B Lymphocytes (B Cells)

B cells are derived from stem cells in the bone marrow

travel to lymphatic tissues especially the spleen and lymph nodes

Question 6

Cell mediated immunity

Answer 6

T Lymphocytes (T cells)

T cells like B cells are derived from stem cells in the bone marrow

T cells travel and mature in the thymus

Question 7

Organs meaning

Answer 7

Organs of immune system are throughout the body

called lymphoid organs because they contain lymphocytes - the wbc.

Within these lymphoid organs lymphocytes grow, develop and are deployed.

Question 8

Bone marrow

Answer 8

Lymphoid organ:
Bone marrow (the soft tissue in the hollow center of bones) is the original source of all blood cells, including the immune cells.

Question 9

Spleen

Answer 9

Lymphoid organ:
The spleen is a flattened organ at the upper left of the abdomen. Like the lymph nodes, the spleen contains specialized compartments where immune cells gather and confront antigens

Question 10

Thymus

Answer 10

Lymphoid organ:
The thymus is an organ that lies behind the breastbone; lymphocytes known as T lymphocytes, or just T cells, mature there.

Question 11

Other lymphoid organ info

Answer 11

Clumps of lymphoid tissue are found in many parts of the body

linings of the digestive tract
the airways
and lungs (gateways to the body).

These tissues include the tonsils,
adenoids, and appendix