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Clinical oral radiology > Acquired Dental Anomalies > Flashcards

Acquired Dental Anomalies Flashcards

1
Q

Acquired Dental Anomalies

A

Dental wear
Resorption
Pulpal calcifications
Hypercementosis

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2
Q

Gradual loss of dental hard tissue as a result of chewing

A

Attrition

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3
Q

Is attrition physiological or pathological

A

physiological

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4
Q

Curved surfaces gradually altered to flat planes

A

Attrition

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5
Q

Some factors may accelerate loss with attrition

A

Bruxism/grinding
Diet
Etc.

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6
Q

What surfaces are effected by attrition

A

Incisal/occlusal surfaces

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7
Q

Crowns shortened coronal-apically. Many adjacent teeth in each arch may show wear pattern

A

Attrition

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8
Q

What can get worn away with attrition

A

Enamel may get worn away –> dentin becomes exposed –> deposition of secondary dentin
(Pt does not complain of pain due to this secondary dentin protecting the dentinal tubules)

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9
Q

Attrition can cause a reduction in the size of the

A

pulp chambers and canals

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10
Q

With attrition, incisal edges of mandibular incisors tend to become

A

pitted or “dished out”

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11
Q

During attrition there is simultaneous widening of the

A

PDL space

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12
Q

Gradual loss of dental hard tissue as a result of external mechanical action

A

Abrasion

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13
Q

3 causes of abrasion

A

Parafunctional habits (holding objects between teeth)
Poorly-fitting partial dentures or retainers
Brushing or dental floss injuries

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14
Q

With abrasion, __ gets worn away and __ becomes exposed

A

enamel
dentin

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15
Q

Radiolucent well-defined defects at the cervical level of teeth are from

A

Toothbrush injuries
(contralateral to dominant hand)
PIC

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16
Q

Radiolucent semilunar well-defined defects in the interproximal surfaces at the cervical level of teeth are from

A

Dental floss injuries (distal)

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17
Q

Radiolucent semilunar well-defined defect in the distal surfaces at the cervical level of teeth are from

A

dental clasps of partial denture

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18
Q

Gradual loss of dental hard tissue as a result of chemical injuries (not involving bacteria)

A

Erosion

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19
Q

3 reasons for erosion

A

Excessive intake of acid beverages
Gastric reflux
Bulimia

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20
Q

Smoothly outlined defects of enamel with underlying dentin

A

Erosion (surfaces effected depend on cause)

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21
Q

If the restoration is showing and not flat with the dental wear this is an example of

A

Erosion
(Dentin> surrounding enamel > restorations)

22
Q

How is erosion shown on a radiograph

A

Well defined radiolucent defects on the crowns

23
Q

Loss of tooth structure from occlusal stresses that create repeated tooth flexure

A

Abfraction

24
Q

Failure of enamel and dentin at a location away from the point of loading

A

Abfraction

25
Q

Sharp angles compared to a flatter smooth surface

A

Abfraction vs abrasion

26
Q

Removal of tooth structure by odontoclasts

A

Resorption

27
Q

Only section of the tooth with __ are susceptible to resorption

A

soft tissue coverage

28
Q

Progressive resorption of deciduous tooth that results in shedding and subsequent eruption of permanent tooth

A

Physiological root resorption of primary teeth

29
Q

Odontoclasts resorb the outer surface of the tooth

A

External resorption

30
Q

The causes of external resorption is __

A

Excessive mechanical and occlusal forces
Localized inflammatory lesions
reimplanted teeth
impacted teeth, tumors and cysts
Unknown

31
Q

Apical root resorption associated with orthodontic treatment is an example of

A

External resorption
(Mechanical and occlusal forces)

32
Q

Localized,subepithelial, supra-ossesous resorptive process of the tooth

A

Invasive cervical resorption

33
Q

Resorbed root from external resorption is replaced by

A

ingrowth of bone

34
Q

0.02%-2.3% (common)
Asymptomatic
Etiology and pathogenesis poorly understood

A

Invasive Cervical Resorption

35
Q

Invasive cervical resporption occurs most commonly with

A

Maxillary central incisors
(then max canines)

36
Q

Odontoclasts resorb the dentin wall of pulp chamber or root canal

A

Internal resorption

37
Q

Focal enlargement of the pulp space

A

Internal resorption

38
Q

Internal resorption is probably related to

A

inflammation (acute trauma, pulp capping, pulpotomy)

39
Q

Radiolucent localized round, oval, or elongated lesions, continuous with the image of the pulp chamber or root canal

A

Internal resorption

40
Q

This is important for proper diagnosis of resorptive lesions

A

CBCT (Tells you if its internal or external cause)

41
Q

Changes in pulpal tissue resulting in mineralization

A

Pulpal calcifications

42
Q

Function of the pulp

A

Dentin formation and nutrition

43
Q

Deposited in the pulp structures, physiologic process, slow and continuous. Related to aging

A

Secondary dentin

44
Q

Additional deposition related to stimuli

A

Tertiary dentin

45
Q

Common idiopathic calcifications, freely in tissue or attached to wall, usually round radiopacities, no treatment requires

A

Pulp stones

46
Q

Idiopathic calcification, associated with older age (may be related to trauma). Diffuse ill-defined, no treatment required, difficulty for endodontic procedures

A

Pulpal sclerosis

47
Q

Excessive deposition of cementum on the tooth roots

A

Hypercementosis

48
Q

3 possible causes of hypercementosis

A

Supraerupted tooth (lost opposing tooth)
Periapical inflammation
Paget disease of bone hyperpituitarism

49
Q

Roots appear thickened on radiographs. Difference in radiopacity cementum vs dentin

A

Hypercementosis

50
Q

Continuity of the __ and the __ that encompasses the extra cementum with hypercementosis

A

lamina dura
PDL space

Clinical oral radiology (3 decks)

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