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Animal Diversity > Acoelomate & Pseudocoelomate > Flashcards

Acoelomate & Pseudocoelomate Flashcards

1
Q

Acoelomate

A

Mesoderm completely lines the ectoderm and endoderm

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2
Q

Pseudocoelomate

A

Mesoderm lines the ectoderm, but not the endoderm. Creates a pseudocoelom.

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3
Q

Coelomate

A

Mesoderm lines both the ectoderm and endoderm, while also creating a cavity.

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4
Q 
Platyhelminthes
Common Name?
A/pseudo/true coelomate?
\_\_\_blastic?
Symmetry?
\_\_\_ skeleton?
Complete/incomplete digestive tract?
Mono/di-ecious
A 
Flatworms
Acoelomate
Triploblastic
Bilateral symmetry
Hydrostatic skeleton
Incomplete
Monoecious
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5
Q

Cephalization

A

Concentration of sense organs and organ control to the head of the body

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6
Q

Flatworm/Platyhelminthes special kidney

A

Flame cells - used to maintain ionic balance of ammonia and for osmoregulation

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7
Q

Monecious vs dioecious

A

Mono - individuals have both gametes

Di - two genders; individuals have one set of gametes

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8
Q

What has ingestion?

A

Planaria and fluke

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9
Q

What is absorption feeders?

A

Tape worm

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10
Q

Human Liver Fluke Life Cycle:

1) Humans eat raw/undercooked fish containing encysted ______
2) Protective cyst prevents digestion and young flukes emerge in the small intestine
3) ______ migrate to liver through bile duct and develop into an _____ liver fluke
4) Reproduces
5) Fertilized eggs travel into intestine and exit human body with feces
6) Fertilized eggs eaten by _____
7) Eggs hatch and _____ develops
8) _____ (larva stage)
9) _____ (larva stage)
10) _____ (free-swimming larva stage
11) Cercaria leave snail and burrow into skin of _____
12) Become dormant matacercaria cyst
13) Eaten by _____

A

1) metacercaria
3) Juveniles; adult
6) Snails
7) Miracidium
8) Sporocyst
9) Redia
10) Cercaria
11) Fish
13) Human

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11
Q

Clades of Platyhelminthes and common name (3)

A

Tubellaria - planaria (paraphyletic)
Trematoda - flukes
Cestoda - tapeworms

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12
Q

Why is cephalization beneficial?

A

Keeps same part of body forward at all times

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13
Q 
Tubellaria - Planarians
Eyespots
Pharynx
Auricle
Mouth
Gastrovascular cavity
Cerebral ganglia
Flame Cells
Pharyngeal cavity
A 
Function
Sense light
Extension of gastrovascular cavity; From sheath in body
Chemoreceptor; detect chemicals
Hole where pharynx comes from
Reaches throughout body to spread nutrients
Simple nervous system around eyespots
Act as kidney; help with osmoregulation
Houses pharynx
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14
Q 
Trematoda - flukes
Oral and ventral sucker
Mouth
Pharynx
Testes
Ovary
Uterus
Cerebral Ganglion
Gastrovascular cavity
Excretory pore
A

Function
Point of attachment to host; feeding
Feeding
Tube for pumping in blood and body fluids from host
Produce sperm
Produces eggs
Stores shelled, fertilized eggs; windy dark tubes
Acts as brain
Forked tube for digestion and distribution of nutrients
Releases waste out of body

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15
Q 
Cestoda - tapeworms
Hooks and suckers
Scolex
Neck
Immature proglottids
Mature proglottids
Gravid proglottids
Testes
Ovary
Uterus
A 
Function
Attachment to host
Anterior end of tapeworm; attach to intestinal wall of host
Constricted; signifies posterior end of scolex
Newly Produced
Sexual reproduction
Filled with eggs
Produce sperm
Produce eggs
Eggs stored there
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16
Q 
Nematoda
Common Name
A/pseudo/true-coelomate
Symmetry?
\_\_\_\_\_ skeleton?
Mono/di-ecious?
Locomotion?
Segmented yes/no?
Complete/incomplete digestive tract?
Simple/complicated excretory system?
Circulatory & respiratory systems yes/no?
A 
Answer:
Roundworms
Pseudocoelomate
Bilateral Symmetry
Hydrostatic skeleton
Mostly dioecious
Longitudinal muscles only
Unsegmented
Complete digestive tract
Simple excretory system
No circulatory or respiratory systems
17
Q

Cuticle

A

Flexible, resilient exoskeleton

18
Q 
Nematoda - Ascaris
Pharynx
Intestine
Vagina (F)
Uteri (F)
Oviduct (F)
Ovaries (F)
Testes (M)
Vas deferens (M)
Seminal vesicle (M)
Spicules (M)
Lateral lines
Longitudinal muscles
Pseudocoel
Dorsal & ventral nerve cord
A

Function
Pumps food through mouth into intestine
Digestive tract where absorption of nutrients occurs
Terminal portion of female reproductive tract
Branched; where developing eggs mature
Repository for eggs produced
Produces eggs
Produces sperm
Transports sperm from testes to the seminal vesicles
Transports sperm from vas deferens to the spicule
Used by males during copulation
Canals responsible for eliminating metabolic waste
Muscles on internal body wall
Inside cavities
Transmit nerve impulses

19
Q

Differences between male and female ascaris

A

Males have hooked tail and are larger

Females have Y-shaped vagina

20
Q

Rotifera - philodina
Mastax
Corona
Foot

A

Function
Bulb-like structure with muscles that control jaws
Enables locomotion
Posterior end

21
Q

Two distinct features possessed by nematodes that are evolutionary milestones

A

Lateral lines - excretory system

Complete digestive tract

Animal Diversity (3 decks)

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