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Derm > Acne, Rosacea > Flashcards

Acne, Rosacea Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Acne vulgaris is a disease of the _________ unit

A

Pilosebaceous

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2
Q

What is the precursor for the clinical lesion of acne vulgaris

A

Microcomedo

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3
Q

Accumulation of what two things converts a microcomedo into a closed comedo

A

Increased sebum production

Follicular hyperkeratinzation

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4
Q

What contributes to the development of inflammatory lesions with an open comedo

A

Follicular rupture

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5
Q

What stimulates the growtn and secretory function of sebaceous glands in acne vulgaris

A

Androgens

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6
Q

______ can rupture comedos, causing inflammatory lesions

A

Mechanical trauma

Aka

Poppin’ that zit

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7
Q

What areas of the body does acne affect the most?

A

Face, neck, chest, upper back, upper arms

These areas have the largest, hormonally-responsive sebaceous glands

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8
Q

As nodules merge, what can form?

A

Sinus tracts

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9
Q

Rapid appearance of acne in conjunction with virilization suggests:

A

An underlying adrenal or ovarian tumor

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10
Q

Topical retinoids treat what type of acne lesions

A

Comedonal

Inflammatory

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11
Q

Topical antimicrobial therapies what type of acne lesions

A

Inflammatory

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12
Q

Benzoyl peroxide has what use in the treatment of acne

A

Decreases the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria

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13
Q

If someone has comedonal (noninflammatory) acne, what is the first line treatment?

A

Topical retinoid (topical tretinoin)

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14
Q

What is the treatment for MILD papulopustular and mixed acne

A

Benzoyl peroxide

Topical retinoid

+/- topical antibiotic

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15
Q

What is the treatment for MODERATE papulopustular and mixed acne

A

Topical retinoid

ORAL antibiotics

Benzoyl peroxide

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16
Q

What is the difference between treating mild, moderate, and severe papulopustular and mixed acne

A

ALL = benzoyl peroxide and topical retinoid

Mild = +/- topical abx (erythro, clinda)

Moderate = oral abx (tetracyclines)

Severe = oral abx (tetracyclines) OR isotretinoin monotherapy

17
Q

When would you use oral isotretinoin monotherapy for acne

A

Severe

18
Q

Which acne medication is SUPER CONTRAINDICATED in pregnancy

A

Retinoids are TERATOGENIC

19
Q

Safe regimen for acne treatment in pregnancy

A

Oral erythromycin

Topical clindamycin

Topical azelaic acid

20
Q

Acne rosacea is a chronic skin disorder of the:

A

Central face

21
Q

The pathogenesis of rosacea is not well understood, but what are some reasons we think it happens

A

Abnormalities in immunity

UV damage

Vascular dysfunction

Inflammatory reactions

22
Q

What are the 4 subtypes of Rosacea

A

Erythematotelangiectatic

Papulopustular

Phymatous

Ocular

23
Q

Features of erythematotelangiectatic rosacea:

A

Chronic redness of central face

Flushing

Skin sensitivity

Dry appearance

Telangiectasias

24
Q

Papulopustular rosacea features:

A

Papules and pustules of hte central face

Inflammation can be confluent

NO COMEDONES

25
Q

Phymatous rosacea features:

A

Tissue hypertrophy causing irregular contours

Mostly nose but can involve cheeks, forehead, chin 👃🏽

Usually men

26
Q

Ocular rosacea features

A

Usually presents WITH other types of rosacea

Dry eyes

Itching

Blurry vision

Photosensitivity

Blepharitis

Keratitis

Conjunctivitis

Stye

27
Q

Triggers of rosacea

A

Hot/cold temperature 🔥❄️

Sunlight ☀️

Wind 🌬

Spicy Food 🌶

Alcohol 🍷

Emotions 😀😫😭

topical irritants 🧴

meopausal flushing 🥵

meds that promote flushing 💊

28
Q

Do you need a biopsy to diagnose rosacea or is it a clinical dx

A

Clinical

But biopsy sometimes helpful for exclusion

29
Q

Treatment for erythematotelangectatic rosacea

A

1st line: behabior mods (avoid triggers, wash face)

2nd line: laser therapy, topical brimonodine

30
Q

Treatment for papulopustular rosacea

A

1st line: topical metronidzole, azelaic acid

2nd line: topical ivermectin or sulfacetamide-sulfur

Severe: oral tetracyclines or macrolides

31
Q

Treatment of phymatous rosacea

A

Early : isotretinoin

Advanced: surgical debulking

Ocular: PUNT THAT BITCH TO OPHTHO

Derm (8 decks)

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