Acis And Alkalis definition Flashcards
Acidic
Containing or having the properties of an acid
Acidity
The amount of acid in a solution
Alkali
A solution with a PH of more than 7 and that contains an excess of hydroxide (OH)➖ ions, alkalis turn litmus blue
Alkaline
Having a PH more than 7
Aqueous solution
A solution with water as the solvent
Alkalinity
The amount of alkali in a solution
Concentration
A measure of how much solute is dissolved in a solvent such as water. (Units h dm-3 or mol dm-3)
Indicator
A substance that changes colour depending on the PH of a solution
Neutral
A substance that is neither an acid nor an alkali. Neutral solutions have a PH of 7 and the same concentrations of hydrogen (h➕) and (OH➖) ions
PH scale
A numerical scale up to 14 that measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution based on the concentrations of hydrogen ions
Universal indicator
An indicator containing a mixture of different PH indicators designed to produce a range of colours depending on the PH
Acid
A solution with a PH of less than 7 and that contains an excess of hydrogen (h)➕ ions, acids turn litmus red
Concentrated
Containing a large amount of solute dissolved in a small volume of solvent
Dilute
Containing a small amount of solute dos solved in a large volume of solvent
Dissociate
To split up or separate into different parts
PH metre
Electronic device used to measure the pH of a solution
Strong acid
An acidic solute that dissociates compleatly into ions when it dissolves
Weak acid
An acidic solute that does not dissociates completely into ions when it dissolves
Base
Any substance soluble or insoluble that neutralises an acid forming a salt and water only
Crystallisation
The process of forming crystals
Filter
To remove or separate a solid from a liquid by passing the mixture through a porous material
Neutralise
To make a solution neither acidic nor alkaline. During neutralisation a base reacts with an acid, forming a salt and water
Salt
An ionic compound produced by a neutralisation reaction
State symbols
Standard set of symbol written after chemical formulae to indicate the state of a substance. These are solid (s) liquid (l) gas (g) and dissolved in water (aq)
Alkali
A solution with a pH of more than 7 and that contains an excess of hydroxide (OH➖) ions. Alkalis turn litmus blue. A soluble base
Balanced equation
A way of writing out what happens in a chemical reaction using symbols to represent the substance involved
Burette
Apparatus used to accurately measure the volume of solution that has been added during a titration
End-point
In a titration, when just enough solution has been added from the burette to react with a all the solution in the flask
Pipette
Apparatus used to accurately measure a set volume of a solution which can be used in a titration
Titration
Method used to mix acids and alkalis in the correct proportions to produce a solution containing only salt and water. It can be used to find the concentration of an acid or an alkali
Effervescence
Fizzing or a stream of bubbles produced during a reaction
Half equation
A balanced equation including electrons that shows what happens to one substance during a redox reaction
Ionic equation
A balanced equation that only shows the ions that react together. The spectator ions are not included in the equation
Oxidation
A reaction in which a substance gains oxygen or in which an atom or ion lists electrons
Reactivity series
A list of metals in order of reactivity with the most reactive at the top
Reduction
A reaction in which a substance loses oxygen or in which an atom or ion gains electrons
Spectator ions
These are ions that do not change during reaction
Precipitate
An insoluble product formed when solutions of two soluble reactions are mixed
Precipitate
A reaction in which an insoluble product is formed from two soluble reactants I’m solution
