Acids, bases and salts Flashcards
Are sodium salts soluble
Yes, all of them
Are ammonium salts soluble
Yes, all of them
Are potassium salts soluble
Yes, all of them
Are common chlorides soluble?
Yes, apart from lead (II) and silver chloride
Are common sulphates soluble?
Yes, apart from lead (II), calcium and barium sulphate
Are most common carbonates insoluble?
Yes, apart from sodium, potassium, ammonium carbonate
Are most common hydroxides insoluble?
Yes apart from sodium, potassium and ammonium hydroxide?
Gas test for oxygen
Relights glowing splint
Gas test for hydrogen
Sqeaky pop with lit splint
Test for chlorine gas
Damp blue litmus turns red then bleaches white
Test for ammonia
Turns damp red litmus blue
Test for carbon dioxide
Turns limewater from clear to milky
Test for sulphate gas
Turns potassium manganate from purple to colourless
Flame test for Li+
Crimson flame
Flame test for Na+
Yellow flame
Flame test for K+
Lilac flame
Flame test for Cu2+
Blue/Green flame
Flame test for Ca2+
Brick red flame
Flame test for Ba2+
Apple green flame
What colour does acid turn phenolphthalein
colourless
What colour does alkali turn phenolphthalein
Pink
What colour does methyl orange turn
Red in acid
Yellow in neutral and colourless
When do you use a titration
When it is a soluble salt
Explain how to conduct a titration
Add a known volume of alkali to a conical flask from a pipette
Add a few drops of indicator e.g. phenolphthalein
Add measured volume of acid from a burette
Stop adding acid when it has changed colour
Repeat three times to receive concordant results
How to react an insoluble salt with an acid
Add excess of the insoluble solid a little at a time while stirring glass rod to hot acid
Filter to remove excess solid
Evaporate resulting solution and leave in the sun to crystallise
Dry crystals between filter papers
How to make an insoluble salt
Made by mixing two soluble salts
After mixing filter the solution to receive insoluble precipitate
leave crystals to dry
