acids,bases and pH Flashcards
what is a bronsted-lowry acid
a proton donor
what is a bronsted-lowry base
a proton acceptor
what is a conjugated acid- base pair
a conjugate acid-base pair contains 2 species that can be interconverted by the transfer of a proton
what is an example of a conjugated base pair
HCL ——- H+ + Cl-
in forward reaction, acid releases a proton to form its conjugate base, Cl-
In reverse direction, Cl- accepts a proton to form its conjugate acid
what is the formula for pH
pH = -log[H+]
what is the formula for [H+]
[H+] = 10^-pH
in a strong monobasic acid ,HA, is [H+] the same as [HA]
[H+] is equal to [HA]
HA ——- H+ + A-
1 1
what is the formula for the acid dissociation constant ,Ka
Ka = [ H+] [A-] / [HA]
why are a negative logarithm ,pKa , used instead of Ka
in the pH scale, there are numbers with negative indices which are hard to compare
what is the formula for pKa
pKa = -logKa
Ka = 10^-pKa
what does the concentration of H+ depend on?
1) concentration of the acid, HA
2) the acid dissociation constant, Ka
what is Kw
the ionic product of water
what is a ionic product of water
the ions in water, H+ and OH-, multiplied together
Kw = [H+] [ OH-]
