acids,bases and pH

Question 1

what is a bronsted-lowry acid

Answer 1

a proton donor

Question 2

what is a bronsted-lowry base

Answer 2

a proton acceptor

Question 3

what is a conjugated acid- base pair

Answer 3

a conjugate acid-base pair contains 2 species that can be interconverted by the transfer of a proton

Question 4

what is an example of a conjugated base pair

Answer 4

HCL ——- H+ + Cl-
in forward reaction, acid releases a proton to form its conjugate base, Cl-
In reverse direction, Cl- accepts a proton to form its conjugate acid

Question 5

what is the formula for pH

Answer 5

pH = -log[H+]

Question 6

what is the formula for [H+]

Answer 6

[H+] = 10^-pH

Question 7

in a strong monobasic acid ,HA, is [H+] the same as [HA]

Answer 7

[H+] is equal to [HA]
HA ——- H+ + A-
1 1

Question 8

what is the formula for the acid dissociation constant ,Ka

Answer 8

Ka = [ H+] [A-] / [HA]

Question 9

why are a negative logarithm ,pKa , used instead of Ka

Answer 9

in the pH scale, there are numbers with negative indices which are hard to compare

Question 10

what is the formula for pKa

Answer 10

pKa = -logKa
Ka = 10^-pKa

Question 11

what does the concentration of H+ depend on?

Answer 11

1) concentration of the acid, HA
2) the acid dissociation constant, Ka

Question 12

what is Kw

Answer 12

the ionic product of water

Question 13

what is a ionic product of water

Answer 13

the ions in water, H+ and OH-, multiplied together
Kw = [H+] [ OH-]