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Chemistry 1/2 > Acids + Bases > Flashcards

Acids + Bases Flashcards

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1
Q

Acid

A

Substance capable of donating a hydrogen ion (proton)

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2
Q

Acid rain

A

Rainwater that has reacted with acidic emissions from industry and has a pH less than 5.5

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3
Q

Acidic oxide

A

An oxide, generally of a non-metal, that either reacts with water to form an acid or reacts with a base

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4
Q

Acidic solution

A

A aqueous solution in which [H+] > [OH−]. At 25°C, the pH < 7

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5
Q

Alkali

A

A soluble base

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6
Q

Amphiprotic

A

The ability to act as an acid or a base

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7
Q

Base

A

A substance capable of accepting a hydrogen ion (proton)

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8
Q

Basic oxide

A

An oxide of a metal which either reacts with water to form hydroxide ions or reacts with H3O+ ions

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9
Q

Basic solution

A

A solution where [H+] < [OH−]. At 25°C, the pH > 7

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10
Q

Brønsted-Lowry theory

A

A theory that defines an acid as a proton (hydrogen ion) donor and a base as a proton acceptor

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11
Q

Conjugate acid

A

The conjugate acid of a base contains one more hydrogen ion (proton) than the acid

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12
Q

Conjugate base

A

The conjugate base of an acid contains one less hydrogen ion (proton) than the acid

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13
Q

Diprotic

A

A diprotic acid is capable of donating two hydrogen ions (protons), e.g. H₂SO₄

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14
Q

Hydronium ion

A

The H3O+ ion

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15
Q

Indicator

A

A substance that has different colours in its acid and base forms

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16
Q

Ionic equation

A

An equation that includes only ions involved in the reaction

17
Q

Ionic product of water

A

The product of the hydrogen ion concentration and hydroxide ion equation

18
Q

Neutralise

A

To react an acid with a base to form a solution of a salt and water

19
Q

Salt

A

A substance formed from a metal (or ammonium) cation and an anion

20
Q

Monoprotic

A

An acid only capable of donating one hydrogen ion (proton)

21
Q

Neutral solution

A

A solution in which the concentration of H3O+ (aq) ions equals the concentration of OH− (aq) ions

22
Q

pH

A

A measure of acidity; pH = - log10[H3O+(aq)]

23
Q

Polyprotic

A

An acid capable of donating more than one hydrogen ion (proton) to form a base

24
Q

Strong acid

A

An acid that readily donates a hydrogen ion to water acting as a base

25
Q

Strong base

A

A base that readily accepts a hydrogen ion from water acting as an acid

26
Q

Triprotic

A

An acid capable of donating three hydrogen ions to a base

27
Q

Weak acid

A

An acid that donates protons to a limited extent when water is the base

28
Q

Weak base

A

A base that accepts hydrogen ions to a limited extent when water is the acid.

Chemistry 1/2 (5 decks)

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