Acids and Bases (Lecture 7) Flashcards
If Kc ≫ 1, where does the equilibrium lie?
to the right, and vice versa
In Kc calculations what is disregarded?
solids and pure liquids
What is Le Chatelier’s Principle?
“If a system at equilibrium is disturbed by a change in temperature, pressure, or the concentration of one of the components, the system will shift its equilibrium position so as to counteract the effect of the disturbance.”1
What is a Brønsted–Lowry acid?
a proton donor
What is a Brønsted–Lowry base?
a proton acceptor
How do acids behave in solution?
Acids dissociate in solution into a proton and a conjugate base.
Water acts as a Brønsted–Lowry base forming a hydronium ion.
What happens to strong acids and bases in aqueous solution?
They fully dissociate.
Is the conjugate base of a strong acid weak or strong?
The conjugate base of a strong acid shows negligible basicity.
Is the conjugate base of a a substance with negligible
acidity weak or strong?
The conjugate base of a substance with negligible acidity is a strong base.
Is the conjugate base of a weak acid weak or strong?
The conjugate base of a weak acid is a weak base.
In an acid base equilibrium, if water is a stronger base by far, what happens to the acid?
K»_space; 1 and the acid is completely dissociated
In an acid base equilibrium, if water is less strong or equivalent to the conjugate base, what happens to the acid?
K < 1 and the acid is incompletely dissociated
What is the k value for a strong acid (in an acid base equilibrium)? How will it behave in solution?
K»_space; 1 and it is completely dissociated in solution
In every acid/base reaction, what does the equilibrium favour?
The transfer of the proton from the stronger acid to the stronger base to form the weaker acid and the weaker base.
What is the prime indicator of acid strength?
the extent of dissociation
we use the dissociation constant Ka as a measure of acid strength
