Acids And Bases

Question 1

What is a monobasic acid?

Answer 1

1H+ ion can be replaced per molecule in an acid-base reaction.

Question 2

What is a dibasic acid?

Answer 2

Has 2 protons replaced when they react with bases.

Question 3

Metal + acid = ?

Answer 3

Salt + H2

Question 4

What is a neutralisation reaction?

Answer 4

When one mole of water is formed from the reaction of an acid and a base.

Question 5

What are Bronsted - Lowry acids?

Answer 5

Proton donors

Question 6

What are Bronsted - Lowry bases?

Answer 6

Proton acceptors

Question 7

What is a conjugate acid - base pair?

Answer 7

2 species that differ by a H+

Question 8

What is pH a measure of?

Answer 8

How many H+ ions are present in the solution (concentration)

Question 9

How do you work out the pH?

Answer 9

-log [H+(aq)]

Question 10

How do you work out [H+] using pH?

Answer 10

10^-pH

Question 11

What are strong acids?

Answer 11

Good proton donors

In aqueous solution, they dissociate completely to form ions. HA(aq) – > H+(aq) + A- (aq)

Question 12

What are weak acids?

Answer 12

Poor proton donors
They partially dissociate into ions when in solution
HA(aq) < – > H+(aq) + A-(aq)

Question 13

What is Ka?

Answer 13

Acid dissociation constant

( [H+(aq)] X [A-(aq)] ) / [HA(aq)]

Question 14

What is shown by the Ka value?

Answer 14

The extent of the dissociation of an acid

Question 15

What is shown by a larger Ka value?

Answer 15

The larger value of Ka, the further the equilibrium is to the right, so the stronger the acid strength.

Question 16

What are the units of Ka?

Answer 16

moldm-^3

Question 17

How do you work out pKa from Ka?

Answer 17

-log Ka

Question 18

What does a large pKa value show?

Answer 18

A weak acid

Question 19

What is Kw?

Answer 19

The ionic product of water

Kw = [H+(aq)] X [OH-(aq)]

Question 20

What is the value of Kw under standard conditions?

Answer 20

10^-14 mol^2 dm ^-6

Question 21

What is the value of pKw under standard conditions?

Answer 21

14 (-log of Kw)

Question 22

When do you use Kw?

Answer 22

Strong bases

Question 23

What are weak bases?

Answer 23

They partially dissociate into ions in solution.

They are in equilibrium with their ions in solution.