Acids and bases Flashcards
What are state symbols?
solid (s), liquid (l), gas (g), dissolved in water (aq)
What is an acid?
Acids have a PH less than 7. The stronger the acid the lower the number.
What is an alkali?
When bases are dissolved in water they are called alkalis. They have a PH of more than 7.
What is PH?
A measure of acidity or alkalinity of water-soluble substances (pH stands for ‘potential of Hydrogen’). A pH value is a number from 1 to 14, with 7 as the middle (neutral) point.
general word equation when an acid reacts with a base?
hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide → sodium chloride + water
What is precipitation?
A precipitate is a solid that forms out of solution.
How do you make a precipitate?
Place the ¼ teaspoon of precipitate into its labeled cup. Place ¼ teaspoon of sodium bicarbonate and calcium chloride into their labeled cups. Add 25 mL of water to each cup and gently swirl until the solids dissolve as much as possible. Look to see the amount of solid that remains undissolved in each cup.
