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Chemistry > Acids And Bases > Flashcards

Acids And Bases Flashcards

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1
Q

Litmus paper

A

Acid, red

Alkali, blue

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2
Q

Methyl orange

A

Acid, red

Alkali/neutral, orange

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3
Q

Phenolphthalein

A

Acid/neutral, colourless

Alkali, pink

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4
Q

pH scale

A

Ranges from 0-14

How acid or alkali a solution is

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5
Q

Acids

A

When dissolved in water, H+
OKA, protons,
Produces from non metal oxides

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6
Q

Bases

A 
Chemically opposite to acid
Soluble bases, alkalis
Bases that are insoluble in water. Metal oxides
Bases neutralise acids
Source of OH-
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7
Q

Acid+metal

A

Salt + hydrogen

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8
Q

Acid + base

A

Salt + water

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9
Q

Acid+ metal carbonate

A

Salt+ water+ carbón dioxide

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10
Q

Making salts from base and acid

A

Excess solid method
Excess of base to acid so all acid is used
Filter off excess base
Boil solution slightly until crystals form when cooled
Leave in warm place so hydrous crystals form
Use filter paper to remove excess water

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11
Q

Making salts from alkali and acid

A

Known volume of alkali in conical flask with simple indicator
Acid slowly added from burette until there is a sudden colour change
Exact volume of acid noted down
Repeat without indicator
Salt heated until crystals form
Leave in warm place to evaporate

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12
Q

Difference between hydrogen chloride gas and hydrochloride acid

A

Hydrochloric acid is HCL dissolved in water
H+ ions when in water
Acidic
Gas is not

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13
Q

Why hydrogen chloride is acidic in water but not in methylbenzene

A

Water is polar, hydrogen chloride dissolves, forming H+

Methylbenzene is not polar, no H+

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14
Q

Strenghth

A

A measure of how much acid or alkali disassociates
Strong, disassociate fully
Weak, disassociate partially

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15
Q

Titration technique

A

Wash equipment with distilled water and acid/alkali
Burette up to eye level
No air bubbles
Readings from meniscus
Rough run
Record to 0.05
Take more results until 2 are concordant 0.10cm, ignore others

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16
Q

Concentration

A

Number of moles per cubic decimetre of solution

1dm, 100cm

17
Q

Soluble things

A 
Group 1
Ammonium
Nitrates
Chlorides
Sulfates
18
Q

Insoluble things

A 
Lead chloride
Silver chloride
Calcium sulfate
Barium sulfate
Carbonates
Oxides
Hydroxides
19
Q

Two soluble salts, precipitate is insoluble salt

A

Precipitation
Add salts
Filter suspension

Chemistry (14 decks)

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