Acids And Bases Flashcards
What are acids?
Substances that release hydrogen ions (H⁺) in water
What are bases?
Substances that release hydroxide ions (OH⁻) in water
What are alkalis?
Bases that dissolve in water
What is the taste of acids?
Sour
What is the pH of acids?
Less than 7
What happens when acids react with metals?
Produces hydrogen gas
Complete the reaction: Acid + Metal → _______ + Hydrogen gas
Salt
What color does litmus paper turn in the presence of an acid?
Red
What is the taste of bases?
Bitter
What is the touch sensation of bases?
Slippery; soapy feel
What is the pH of bases?
Greater than 7
Complete the reaction: Base + Acid → _______ + Water
Salt
What color does litmus paper turn in the presence of a base?
Blue
What does the pH scale measure?
How acidic or basic a substance is
What is the pH value for neutral substances?
7
List three common acids
- Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
- Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄)
- Acetic acid (CH₃COOH)
List three common bases
- Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
- Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)
- Ammonia (NH₃)
What are indicators?
Chemical dyes that change colour depending on the PH
What color does litmus paper turn in acids and bases?
Acids: Blue → Red, Bases: Red → Blue
What does phenolphthalein indicate?
Colorless in acids, pink in bases
What is the general equation for neutralization?
Acid + Base → Salt + Water
What is one application of neutralization in medicine?
Antacids neutralize stomach acid
What are two everyday uses of acids?
- Lemon juice (citric acid)
- Vinegar (acetic acid)
What are two everyday uses of bases?
- Soap (sodium hydroxide)
- Cleaning agents (ammonia)
