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Grade 10 Chemistry > Acids And Bases > Flashcards

Acids And Bases Flashcards

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1
Q

Define acid

A

Proton donor
React with bases to form water
Hydrogen ions (H+) responsible for the properties of acids

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2
Q

What are the properties of acids?

A

Corrosive
Taste sour
PH below 7
Soluble in water

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3
Q

Define ionisation

A

Process in which when an acid reacts with water, it releases a hydrogen ion which joins the water to form an oxonium ion (H3O+)

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4
Q

Define indicator

A

Organic dye which changes colour when the concentration of H+ ions in a solution changes. This colour change is irreversible.

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5
Q

What is the formula for when acids react with metals?

A

Acid + Metal -> Salt + Hydrogen gas

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6
Q

What is the formula for when acids react with bases?

A

Acid + Base -> Salt + Water

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7
Q

What is the formula for when acids react with carbonates?

A

Acid + Metal Carbonate -> Salt + Carbon Dioxide + Water

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8
Q

What is the formula for when acids react with ammonia?

A

Acid + Ammonia -> Ammonium Salt

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9
Q

Define strong acid

A

An acid that completely ionises or dissociates in water

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10
Q

Define weak acid

A

An acid that partially ionises or dissociates in water

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11
Q

Define concentration

A

Indicates the quantity of solute dissolved in a litre of aqueous solution

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12
Q

Define concentrated acid

A

A large quantity of acid in a relatively small volume of water

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13
Q

Define dilute acid

A

A small quantity of acid in a relatively large volume of water

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14
Q

Define PH scale

A

Measures acidity
Ranges from 0 - 14
Lower = more acidic
Higher = more basic
PH = 7 = Neutral

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15
Q

Define base

A

Proton acceptor
React with H+ ions of acids to form water
Any compound that can neutralise an acid
Can be soluble or insoluble in water

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16
Q

Define alkali

A

Soluble base which has an excess of OH ions

17
Q

What are the properties of bases?

A

Soapy feeling
Turn red litmus paper blue
Neutralise acids

18
Q

Define strong alkali

A

Dissociate completely

19
Q

Define weak alkali

A

Dissociate partially

20
Q

Define the Brønsted-Lowry Theory

A

Defines acids and bases in terms of proton transfer between chemical compounds

21
Q

Define amphoteric

A

Substance that can act as an acid or a base

Grade 10 Chemistry (49 decks)

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