Acids and Bases Flashcards
what color does acid turn litmus paper to
red
what is the list of strong acids
what is the list of strong bases
what color does bases turn litmus paper to
blue
Chemicals that change color depending on the solution’s acidity or basicity
indicators
what is the most famous indicator
Phenolphthalein
what color is Phenolphthalein in acids
colorless
what color is Phenolphthalein in bases
red
first one to define acid
Arrhenius
according to Arrhenius theory what happens to bases in water?
according to Arrhenius theory what happens to bases in water?
dissociate and produce OH- and cations
according to Arrhenius theory what happens to acids in water?
ionize and produce H+ and anions
what was the problem with Arrhenius theory?
some bases didn’t contain OH- ions
can act as either an
acid or a base
Amphoteric substances
according to the Brønsted-Lowry theory what are acids
H+ donors
according to the Brønsted-Lowry theory what are bases
H+ acceptors
how do you make a conjugate acid
add H and Add +1
how do you make a conjugate base
minus H and add (-1)
what does a A single arrow indicates
all the reactant
molecules are converted to product
molecules at the end
what does a double arrow indicates the reaction
the reaction
stops when only some of the reactant
molecules have been converted into
products
have acid hydrogens attached
to a nonmetal atom
binary
have acid hydrogens attached to
an oxygen atom
oxy acids
as the number of free oxygen increases, the acidity will what?
increase
what is the symbol for a weak acid?
HA
