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Chemistry > Acids and Bases > Flashcards

Acids and Bases Flashcards

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1
Q

Bronsted Lowry acids

A

a species that donates a proton, H+, during an acid base reaction.

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2
Q

Bronsted Lowry bases

A

a species that accepts a proton, H+, during an acid-base reaction.

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3
Q

Hydrochloric acid

A

HCl

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4
Q

Sulfuric acid

A

H2SO4

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5
Q

Nitric acid

A

HNO3-

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6
Q

Phosphoric acid

A

H3PO4

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7
Q

Ammonium

A

NH4+

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8
Q

Ethanoic acid

A

CH3COOH

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9
Q

General properties of acids

A
  • change colour of some indictors eg. turn blue litmus red
  • tend to be corrosive
  • taste sour
  • react with bases
  • have a PH less than 7
  • solutions can conduct an electrical current
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10
Q

Alkali

A

soluble base that dissociates hydroxide ions

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11
Q

Sodium Hydroxide

A

base

NaOH

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12
Q

Ammonia

A

base

NH3

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13
Q

oxide

A

base

O2-

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14
Q

general properties of bases

A
  • turn red litmus blue
  • have a slippery feel
  • taste bitter
  • are caustic
  • react with acids
  • have a PH above 7
  • solutions cannot conduct electrical current
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15
Q

Ionisation

A

process by which a chemical species gains or loses an electric charge

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16
Q

Dissociation

A

process by which a molecule separates into smaller particles

17
Q

Acid + Base

A

Salt +water

18
Q

Metal + acid

A

salt + hydrogen

19
Q

carbonate + acid

A

water + CO2 +salt

20
Q

hydronium and hydroxide

A

only species that affect PH

21
Q

Amphiprotic

A

can either donate or accept a proton.

22
Q

Monoprotic

A

species that donate one H+ during ionisation

23
Q

Diprotic

A

species that donates two protons during ionisation

24
Q

polyprotic

A

species that donates multiple protons during ionisation.

25
Q

Strong acid

A

will undergo complete ionisation when added to water. Almost all acid molecules in solution will donate a proto to form aqueous ions.
eg. sulfuric acid

26
Q

weak acid

A

does not readily give up its H+ions in solution.
reaction does not go to completion so double arrow
eg. ethanoic acid

27
Q

Strong base

A

readily accepts a proton, H+ during an acid-base reaction
readily dissociates to form OH- ions.
eg. NaOH, KOH

28
Q

weak bases

A

does not readily accept H+ ions
used double arrow to show that reactions don’t go to completion.
eg. ammonia

29
Q

Strong acids have…

A

negligible conjugate bases

30
Q

Strong bases have…

A

negligible conjugate acids

31
Q

The stronger the acid the (pH value)?

A

lower

32
Q

pH 7

A

neutral

33
Q

the stronger the base (pH)?

A

the higher the pH value

Chemistry (7 decks)

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