Acids and Alkalis (DONE) Flashcards
Describe what is meant by an acid, a base and an alkali. Describe how the pH scale gives information on acids and alkalis. Describe the neutralisation reaction between acids and alkalis.
What is the formula of the very common acid:
Hydrochloric acid
HCL (aq)
What is the formula of the very common acid:
Sulfuric acid
What is the formula of the very common acid:
Nitric acid
In aqueous solutions, acids produce what type of ion?
include an element and then + or -
In aqueous solutions, acids produce hydrogen ions (H+)
What are bases?
Bases are chemicals which can neutralise acids producing a salt and water. They are not soluble.
Bases are usually metals or metal hydroxides.
Examples of some bases:
Copper Oxide
Iron (iii) Hydroxide
Sodium Hydroxide
(not soluble)
What are alkalis?
Alkalis ARE bases which are soluble in water, they can also neutralise acids and they produce a salt and water aswell.
Copper Oxide - not soluble in water - not a base
Iron (iii) Hydroxide - not soluble in water - not a base
Sodium Hydroxide - soluble in water - base and alkali
In aqueous solutions, alkalis produce what type of ion?
include an element and then + or -
In aqueous solutions, alkalis produce hydroxide ions (OH^-)
What does the pH scale tell us?
The pH scale tells us the acidity or alkalinity of a solution.
What pH do acids range from?
Acids range from 0-6 on the pH scale.
What pH do alkalises range from?
Alkalises range from 8-14 on the pH scale.
What is a solution with a pH of 7 considered as?
A solution with a pH of seven is considered a neutral solution.
How can we determine the pH of a solution?
We can determine the pH of a solution by using a pH probe or universal indicator.
A pH probe determines the pH electronically.
Universal indicator changes colour depending on whether a solution is acid, alkali or neutral.
Only click on this if you’re done with this deck.
What is the general equation for a neutralisation reaction?
(need too know this)
