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Mocks > Acids and Alkalis > Flashcards

Acids and Alkalis Flashcards

1
Q

What is an acid?

A

An acid forms acidic solutions in water.

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2
Q

What is an alkali?

A

An alkali forms alkaline solutions in water.

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3
Q

What colours represent acid on the PH scale?

A

Yellow-Red

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4
Q

What colours represent Alkalis on the PH scale?

A

Blue-purple

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5
Q

What colour does red litmus paper turn when a solutions acidic?

A

It stays red

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6
Q

What colour does red litmus paper turn when a solutions nuetral?

A

It stays red

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7
Q

What colour does red litmus paper turn when a solutions alkaline?

A

It turns blue

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8
Q

What colour does blue litmus paper turn when a solutions acidic?

A

It turns red

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9
Q

What colour does blue litmus paper turn when a solutions nuetral?

A

It stays blue

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10
Q

What colour does blue litmus paper turn when a solutions alkaline?

A

It stays blue

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11
Q

What is a base?

A

Any substance that reacts with an acid to form a salt and water only.

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12
Q

What is a base that’s soluble in water called?

A

An alkaline

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13
Q

Give an example for a base soluble in water and a base not soluble in water.

A
  • Copper oxide is a base, but it is not an alkali because it is insoluble in water
  • Sodium hydroxide is a base, and it dissolves in water so it is also an alkali
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14
Q

What is a neutralisation reaction?

A

A reaction between an acid and a base.

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15
Q

What happens in an acid-alkali neutralisation reaction?

A

hydrogen ions from the acid react with hydroxide ions from the alkali.

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16
Q

What’s the products of when an acid reacts with a metal?

A

Acid + metal → salt + hydrogen

17
Q

How do you test for hydrogen gas?

A

The Squeaky Pop Test
You can safely test for small quantities of hydrogen gas by holding a burning splint near the top of the test tube. The positive result is a squeaky pop sound as the hydrogen reacts with oxygen in the air in a small explosion.

18
Q

What is a redox (oxidation-reduction) reaction?

A

A reaction in which both oxidation and reduction occur.

19
Q

Give an example of a redox reaction.

A

the reaction of magnesium with hydrochloric acid:
2H+(aq) + Mg(s) → Mg2+(aq) + H2(g)

This ionic equation can be split into two half equations:
Mg(s) → Mg2+(aq) + 2e- (oxidation)
2H+(aq) + 2e- → H2(g) (reduction)

Notice that:
magnesium atoms lose electrons - they are oxidised
hydrogen ions gain electrons - they are reduced

20
Q

How is a salt named?

A

The name of a salt has two parts:

  • The first part comes from the base, alkali or metal carbonate.
  • The second part comes from the acids.
21
Q

What salt does hydrochloric acid produce?

A

Chloride salts

22
Q

What salt does nitric acid produce?

A

Nitrate salts

23
Q

What salt does sulfuric acid produce?

A

Sulfate salts

Mocks (8 decks)

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