Acids and alkali Flashcards
Corrosive=
Causes damage to living tissue and some materials. Effects can be permanent
Irritant=
Causes skin and tissues to become sore. Effects are usually temporary.
Flammable=
Catches fire easily
Toxic=
Harmful to health
The word acid describes…
A group of substances that have the same chemical reactions.
Acids taste…
Sour
Three names of household acids!
Vinegar, lemon juice and orange
Three laboratory acids!
Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid
Scientific names for: lemon juice
Citric acid
Acids are co…
rrosive substances
Scientific names for: stomach acid
Hydrochloric acid
Scientific names for: vinegar
Acetic acid
Scientific names for: carbonated drinks
Carbonic acid
What are alkalis?
Alkalis are another group of chemicals
Alkalis are the oppo…
Site of acids. They taste bitter, and often feel ‘soapy’. Many cleaning products are alkali.
Household alkalis are…
Bleach, toothpaste, oven cleaner and ammonia.
Some laboratory alkalis are…
Sodium hydroxide
What is and indicator?
Indicators are substances that changes colour depending on the pH of a solution.
Indicators can be…
Paper or solutions
Methyl orange changes:
With acid: red
With alkali: yellow
Bromothymol blue changes:
With acid: yellow/ orange
With alkali: blue
Litmus changes:
With acid: Red
With alkali: Pink
Phenolphthalein changes:
With acid: colourless
With alkali: Pink
Acids/alkali can be classified as…
Weak or strong
What numbers uses the pH scale?
The pH scale uses numbers from 1-14
Strong acids: Weak acids: Neutral: Weak alkalis: Strong alkalis:
Strong acids:pH 1-3 Weak acids: pH 4-6 Neutral: pH 7 Weak alkalis: pH 8-10 Strong alkalis:pH 11-14
How does the pH needs to be so it is acid?
The pH needs to be between 0 and 6. The less pH the more dangerous the acid is.
How does the pH needs to be so it is alkali?
The pH needs to be between 8 and 14. The more pH the more dangerous.
If the pH is 7 it means that…
It is a neutral it is not dangerous it is nos acid and it is not alkali.
If the pH is 0…
It is very acidic
Universal indicator
Shows the acidic or alkali a substance is
Acid+ Alkali=
Salt and Water
The scientific name for salt for food is…
SODIUM CHLORIDE
What are alkalis?
Alkalis are “metal” hydroxides
What are the common acid we will use in the lab?
- Hydrochloric acid
- Nitric acid
- Sulfuric acid
If you mix copper and hydrochloric you make…
Copper Chloride salt
If you mix Iron hydroxide and nitric acid you make…
Iron nitrate salt
Hydrochloric acid🔜
Chloride
Nitric acid 🔜
Nitrate
Sulfuric acid 🔜
Sulfate
Neutralisation is…
I chemical reaction, caused by mixing an acid and an alkali
What does dilution means?
Dilution means to add more water to an acid or an alkali
