Acid-base Imbalances (causes) Flashcards
1
Q
Causes of Respiratory Acidosis
A
If a client has a condition that causes an obstruction of the airway or depresses the respiratory system, monitor for respiratory acidosis
Asthma Atelectasis Brain trauma Bronchiectasis Bronchitis CNS depressants Emphysema Hypoventilation Pneumonia Pulmonary edema Pulmonary emboli
2
Q
Causes of Respiratory Alkalosis
A
If a client has a condition that causes overstimulation of the respiratory system, monitor for respiratory alkalosis.
Fever Hyperventilation Hypoxia Hysteria Overventilation by mechanical ventilators Pain
3
Q
Causes of Metabolic Acidosis
A
An insufficient supply of insulin in a diabetic mellitus client can result in metabolic acidosis, known as diabetic ketoacidosis.
Diabetes mellitus Diabetic ketoacidosis Excessive ingestion of ASA (aspirin) High-fat diet Insufficient metabolism of carbohydrates Malnutrition Renal insufficiency Acute kidney injury Chronic kidney disease Severe diarrhea Loss of intestinal fluids which are primarily alkaline can cause metabolic acidosis
4
Q
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis
A
Monitor the client experiencing excessive vomiting or the client with gastrointestinal suctioning for manifestations of metabolic alkalosis
Diuretics Excessive vomiting Gastrointestinal suctioning Hyperaldosteronism Ingestion of and/or infusion of excess sodium bicarbonate Massive transfusion of whole blood
