Acid-Base Disorders

Question 1

pH > 7.45 indicates:

Answer 1

Alkalosis

Question 2

High PaCO2 + pH les than 7.35 indicates:

Answer 2

Respiratory acidosis

Question 3

Low PaCO2 + pH > 7.45 indicates:

Answer 3

Respiratory alkalosis

Question 4

High HCO3 + pH > 7.45 indicates:

Answer 4

Metabolic alkalosis

Question 5

Low HCO3 + pH less than 7.35

Answer 5

Metabolic acidosis

Question 6

Metabolic acidosis symptoms

Answer 6

Hyperkalemia, peaked T waves, bradyarrhythmias, hyperventilation

Question 7

Normal anion gap

Answer 7

9-11

Question 8

Excessive anion gap

Answer 8

> 17

Seen in metabolic acidosis

Question 9

Causes of Excessive anion gap:

Answer 9

Uremia, diabetes ketoacidosis, lactic acidosis, ethanol intoxication

Question 10

Metabolic alkalosis symptoms

Answer 10

Hypokalemia, flattened T waves, bradyarrhythmias, hypoventilation

Question 11

Causes of Metabolic alkalosis:

Answer 11

Increased HCO3 retention (vomiting) & contraction alkalosis (diuresis)

Question 12

Respiratory alkalosis symptoms

Answer 12

Agitation, anxiety, lightheadedness, hyperventilation

Question 13

Causes of Respiratory alkalosis:

Answer 13

Pain, anxiety, fever, head trauma, CVA, theophylline, nicotine, catecholemine, severe anemia, high altitude, hyperthyroidism

Question 14

Causes of Respiratory acidosis:

Answer 14

Ventilation or perfusion failure

Question 15

pH less than 7.35 indicates:

Answer 15

Acidosis