Acid-Base Balance

Question 1

7.35-7.45

Answer 1

normal pH range

Question 2

35-45 mmHg

Answer 2

normal pCO2 range

Question 3

> 80 mmHg

Answer 3

normal O2

Question 4

22-26 mEq/L

Answer 4

normal HCO3 (bicarbonate) values

Question 5

> 94%

Answer 5

ideal O2 saturation

Question 6

LOW pH, EXCESS of CO2

Answer 6

respiratory ACIDosis

Question 7

Inadequate ventilation from: 
respiratory depression
ventilator settings 
inadequate gas exchange
muscle weakness

Answer 7

The cause of Respiratory Acidosis

Question 8

Confusion
Fogginess
Decreased LOC
Increased HR, RR, BP

Answer 8

Signs and Symptoms of Respiratory Acidosis

Question 9

1. Diuretics to DECREASE FV
   Narcan to reverse opioid effects
2. Oxygen if experiencing _____
3. Positioning to promote best __ ___

Answer 9

1. Medications to TREAT Respiratory Acidosis
2. HYPOXEMIA
3. gas exchange

Question 10

Inadequate gas exchange from interfencence with ____.

Fluid in them from heart failure or pneumonia may result from _____ or _____.

Answer 10

ALVEOLI

ATELECTASIS

PNEUMOTHORAX

Question 11

____ control ___ levels by adjusting the __ and ___ of expiration.

Answer 11

LUNGS, CO2, RATE, DEPTH

Question 12

The ONLY cause of Respiratory Alkalosis

Answer 12

HYPERVENTILATION

Question 13

Hyperventilation may be cause by what 4 things?

Answer 13

Anxiety, Hypoxemia, Ventilator settings, and salicylate toxicity.

Question 14

The body increases the RR to gain more O2 but this results in blowing off too much CO2

Answer 14

How hypoxemia causes hyperventilation

Question 15

Lightheadedness and Increased HR are signs and symptoms of respiratory ____?

Answer 15

ALKALOSIS

Question 16

Treat the ___. Bring the __ down!
Do this by administering what types of medications?
OR by breathing in a ___ ____.
(because it forces the person to reinhale the ___ in order to correct the imbalance)

Answer 16

CAUSE, RR.
Antianxiety, sedatives.
CLOSED SYSTEM.
CO2