Acid Base

Question 1

ABG draw from

Answer 1

radial artery

after draw, hold pressure, pink/warm hand, ice

Question 2

if on hemodialysis

Answer 2

don’t draw from that arm! (or friend the hemodialysis nurse)

Question 3

use femoral

Answer 3

if bilateral mastectomy or bilateral arm amputee

Question 4

Metabolic

Answer 4

HCO3 (22-24)

Question 5

Respiratory

Answer 5

PaCO2 (35-45)

Question 6

partial compensation

Answer 6

look at pH: pH still not normal

Question 7

full compensation

Answer 7

pH back to normal

Question 8

7.35-7.44

Answer 8

acidodic (compensation)

Question 9

7.4

Answer 9

normal

Question 10

7.41-7.45

Answer 10

alkalotic (compensation)

Question 11

respiratory compensation

Answer 11

metabolic opposite

Question 12

metabolic compensates

Answer 12

respiratory opposite

Question 13

respiratory acidosis

Answer 13

breathing slowing down
Causes: COPD, overdose, pnuemonia, atelectasis,
CO2 retention
S/Sx: drowsy, confused, headache, coma, hypotension, warm/flushed skin, seizures, hypoventilation, VF (hyperkalemia)

Question 14

respiratory alkalosis

Answer 14

breathing increases
dizzy, light-headed, tachycardia, dysrhythmias (hypokalemia), N/V/epigastric pain, tetany, numbness, tingling, hyperreflexia, seizures, hyperventilation

Question 15

how to tell if compensated

Answer 15

pH back in “normal” range but still one or the other

whichever CO2 or HCO3 is furthest out of range is the problem, the other will be out of range to compensate

Question 16

PO2

Answer 16

should be >80

Question 17

before giving dilaudid or morphine

Answer 17

check pulse ox and RR

lowers RR

Question 18

metabolic acidosis

Answer 18

drowsy, confused, hypotension, dysrhythmias (hyperkalemia), warm/flushed skin, N/V/D/abd pain, deep/rapid respirations (kusmal)

Question 19

metabolic alkalosis

Answer 19

dizzy, light-headed, tachycardia, dysrhythmias (hypokalemia), N/V/Anorexia, tetany, tremors, tingling, muscle cramps, seizures, hypoventilation