Acid Base Flashcards
An increased pH with an increased HCO3 would be what?
Metabolic Alkalosis
A low pH with a low HCO3 would be what?
Metabolic Acidosis.
A low pH with a high PaCO2 would be what?
Respiratory acidosis.
A high pH with a low PaCO2 would be what?
Respiratory alkalosis.
Will HCO3 be increased or decreased if there is metabolic compensation for a respiratory alkalosis?
Decreased.
Will HCO3 be elevated or decreased for a metabolic compensation for a respiratory acidosis?
Increased
When we measure a patient’s pH what element are we measuring?
Hydrogen
What are the two body systems that regulate acid/base?
Renal and respiratory.
What is the metabolic indicator when measuring acid/base?
HCO3 (bicarbonate)
What is the function of the kidneys in relation to acid/base?
They regulate the excretion of hydrogen and the uptake of HCO3.
Which of the two systems responsible for acid/base regulation can enact change to the pH immediately and how?
Respiratory. The lungs can hyperventilate or hypoventilate in order to increase or decrease CO2 levels.
How can an acidosis or alkalosis affect a patient’s potassium?
It can result in hyperkalemia or hypokalemia because potassium will shift out of cells or into cells in exchange for hydrogen.
Why would renal failure and vomiting/diarrhea lead to acidosis.
The kidneys are a large component in whether the body retains or excretes HCO3 and vomiting/diarrhea causes significant loss of HCO3 through the GI tract.
What is the normal range for base excess?
-4 to +4
A significantly low base excess (less than -4) would indicate what?
Acidosis
