Acid and Bases Flashcards
Acid
hydrogen ions
base
hydroxide or oxide
Reaction with Acid and Base, Neutralisation general formula
base + acid -> salt + water
Reaction with Reactive Metals formula
Reactive metal + Acid -> salt + hydrogen gas
how to test for hydrogen gas?
Insert a lighted splint into the test tube, hydrogen gas extinguishes the lighted splint with a ‘pop’ sound.
Reaction with Metal Carbonates formula
Metal Carbonate + acid -> salt + water + carbon dioxide
how to test for carbon dioxide?
bubble the gas through lime water, forms a white precipitate with lime water or turns chalky
metal oxide
basic
non-metal oxide
acidic
the 3 amphoteric oxides
lead(II) oxide
zinc oxide
aluminum oxide
the 3 neutral oxides
water
carbon monoxide
nitrogen monoxide
what is sodium hydroxide, NaOH
base
what is potassium hydroxide, KOH
base
what is copper(II)oxide
metal oxide, basic
calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2
base
What colour is methyl orange in acidic solution?
What colour is methyl orange in alkaline solution?
red in acid
yellow in alkali
How can you test the acidity of a solution?
using Universal Indicator
Why do strong acids have a lower pH than weak acids?
there is a higher concentration of hydrogen, H+ ions in the strong acids compared to weaker acids, therefore they have a lower pH
Name the chemical used to raise the pH of soil
Calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide
Since the calcium oxide/hydroxide is basic, it reacts with the acids in the soil, neutralisation reaction, and increase the pH of the soil
