Acid and Bases

Question 1

Acid

Answer 1

hydrogen ions

Question 2

base

Answer 2

hydroxide or oxide

Question 3

Reaction with Acid and Base, Neutralisation general formula

Answer 3

base + acid -> salt + water

Question 4

Reaction with Reactive Metals formula

Answer 4

Reactive metal + Acid -> salt + hydrogen gas

Question 5

how to test for hydrogen gas?

Answer 5

Insert a lighted splint into the test tube, hydrogen gas extinguishes the lighted splint with a ‘pop’ sound.

Question 6

Reaction with Metal Carbonates formula

Answer 6

Metal Carbonate + acid -> salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 7

how to test for carbon dioxide?

Answer 7

bubble the gas through lime water, forms a white precipitate with lime water or turns chalky

Question 8

metal oxide

Answer 8

basic

Question 9

non-metal oxide

Answer 9

acidic

Question 10

the 3 amphoteric oxides

Answer 10

lead(II) oxide
zinc oxide
aluminum oxide

Question 11

the 3 neutral oxides

Answer 11

water
carbon monoxide
nitrogen monoxide

Question 12

what is sodium hydroxide, NaOH

Answer 12

base

Question 13

what is potassium hydroxide, KOH

Answer 13

base

Question 14

what is copper(II)oxide

Answer 14

metal oxide, basic

Question 15

calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2

Answer 15

base

Question 16

What colour is methyl orange in acidic solution?

What colour is methyl orange in alkaline solution?

Answer 16

red in acid

yellow in alkali

Question 17

How can you test the acidity of a solution?

Answer 17

using Universal Indicator

Question 18

Why do strong acids have a lower pH than weak acids?

Answer 18

there is a higher concentration of hydrogen, H+ ions in the strong acids compared to weaker acids, therefore they have a lower pH

Question 19

Name the chemical used to raise the pH of soil

Answer 19

Calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide
Since the calcium oxide/hydroxide is basic, it reacts with the acids in the soil, neutralisation reaction, and increase the pH of the soil