Acid And Bases Flashcards
Acid
a substance which forms H+ ions as the only positive ion in aqueous solution.
Properties: Sour, may be corrosive, toxic , harmful, irritant, useful, and can be in food.
Bases
an insoluble hydroxide.
Alkali
a substance which forms OH- ions as the only negative ion in aqueous solution.
Solution
homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances
Corrosive
A highly reactive material of substance that causes obvious damage to living tissue. Acts directly, by chemically destroying the part (oxidation), or indirectly causing inflammation.
Toxic
substances which may be harmful to the environment or hazardous to your health if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through the skin.
Harmful
a solid, liquid, or gas that through its chemical or physical properties, along or in combination with one or more other chemical substances. cause death, injury or disease in a living thing.
Irritant
causes a temporary or reversible inflammation of living tissue (such as eyes, skin, or respiratory organs) by a chemical action when at contact.
Indicator
substances whose solutions change color due to changes in pH, as a acid-base indicators.
Ph
numeric scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.
Universal indicator
pH indicator composed of a solution of several compounds that exhibits several smooth colour changes over a pH value range.
indicating the acidity or alkalinity of solutions from 0-14
Examples of household acids
Acetic acid- Vinegar
Citric acids- critic fruits
Lasting acid- Milk
Examples of household bases
Baking soda
Soap
House hold ammonia
acids found in the lab
sulfuric acid nitric acid hydrochloric acid citric acid acetic acid.
Bases found in the lab
sodium hydroxide
Weak acid
acid that dissociates incompletely, releasing only some of its hydrogen atoms into the solution. less capable on donating protons. pH of less than 7
Weak base
chemical base that does not ionize fully in an aqueous solution.
which protonation is incomplete. pH of greater than 7
Concentrated
relatively large quantity of substance present in a unit amount of a mixture. More of solute dissolved in a given solvent.
Dilute
the process of reducing the concentration of a solute in solution, usually simply by mixing with more solvent.
Reaction of acid and base
React to neutralize the acid and base properties, producing a salt. H(+) cation combined with the OH(-) anion to form water. Compound formed by the cation of the base and the anion of the acid is salt
Reaction with acid and metal
A salt, i.e. a combination of two ions, is formed; the particular salt formed depends on the acid used in the reaction is formed.
Reaction with acid and carbonate
Salt is produced.
Neutral
compound/ substance that is neither acidic nor alkaline
