Acid And Bases Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pH scale?

A

It is a measure of how acidic or alkaline a substance is.
pH 7 is neutral
The higher concentration of hydrogen ions the more acidic
The lower concentration of hydrogen ions the less acidic/more alkaline

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2
Q

What is a base?

A

Is a substance that reacts with an acid to produce a salt and water.

An alkali is a base that is soluble in water.
All alkalis have a pH more than 7 and they form OH- ions
So the more concentrated OH - ions the more the higher pH

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3
Q

How do you measure the pH of a solution?

A

Use an indicator that changes colour when it’s below of above a pH. This is called a universal indicator.

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4
Q

What colour does litmus turn in acidic and alkaline solutions? And also when neutral?

A

Red in acidic
Purple in neutral
Blue in alkaline

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5
Q

What colour does methyl orange turn in acidic and alkaline solutions? And also when neutral?

A

Red in acidic
Yellow in neutral
Yellow in alkaline

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6
Q

What colour does phenolphthalein turn in acidic and alkaline solutions? And also when neutral?

A

Colourless in acidic
Colourless in neutral
Pink in alkaline

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7
Q

How do acids and bases neutralise each other?

A

Acid + base = salt + water
Eg
HCl + NaOH = NaCl + H2O

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