ACE inhibitors Flashcards
What are examples of ACE inhibitors?
Ramipril, lisinopril, captopril
How do ACE inhibitors work?
competitively inhibit the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and thus reduce the generation of angiotensin II and also consequently aldosterone.
What does the mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors result in?
reduced sodium and water retention
what does reduced tissue concentration of angiotensin II lead to?
arterial and venous dilation
which vasodilatory activity is also inhibited by ACE inhbitors?
bradykinin
what is angiotensin II associated with in hypertension?
arterial, and left ventricular hypertrophy
what are the unwanted effects of ACE inhibitors?
- persistent dry cough
- postural hypotension
- renal impairement
- disturbance of taste
- nausea and vomiting
- dyspepsia
- bowel disturbance
- rashes
- angioedema
when should ACE inhibitors not be used?
patients with severe renal artery stenosis and patients breastfeeding or pregnant
what are the uses of ACE inhibitors?
- hypertension
- heart failure treatment
- secondary prevention of MI
- diabetic nephropathy in IDDM
what would the result of combining a ACE inhibitor and potassium sparing diuretic be?
massively raised potassium
which types of patients are ACE inhibitors known to be less effective in?
Afro-Caribbean
