ACE-inhibitors Flashcards
What is ACE inhibitor short for?
Angiotension-Converting Enzyme inhibitors.
Identify the action of ACE inhibitors.
Blocks enzyme from facilitating angiotension I conversion to angiotension II in the lungs.
Identify the intended effects of ACE inhibitors.
- Vasodilation decreases blood pressure.
- Reduced aldosterone production to lower sodium and fluid (potassium sparing).
Identify the uses for ACE inhibitors.
Primarily hypertension.
Also: heart failure, diabetic nephropathy, post-MI
Identify contraindications against ACE inhibitors.
impaired renal function,
pregnancy, lactation
Identify adverse effects of ACE inhibitors.
Angioedema (emergency),
Cough (dry, nonproductive)
Electrolyte imbalance
also:
first drug orthostasis, neutropenia (rare)
Identify the common electrolyte imbalance of ACE inhibitors.
hyperkalemia
Briefly define first drug orthostasis.
very potent the first time its taken
Identify drug interactions of ACE inhibitors.
Things that worsen kidney function or increase potassium:
* K+ sparing diuretics, K+ rich foods, salt substitutes
* NSAIDs
What to assess or teach with ACE inhibitors?
- hypovolemia/dehydration
- hyperkalemia (paresthesias)
- labs (K+, renal function)
- low BP
Identify the two exemplar ACE inhibitors
Captopril, Lisinopril
Where does Captopril have its ACE inhibiting effect?
CaptoprIl
I = angiotensin I
Where does Lisinopril have its ACE inhibiting effect?
Lisinopril
II = angiotensin II
Identify an additional positive effect of ACE inhibitors.
helps protect kidneys (especially good for diabetic patients)
Do ACE inhibitors cause a cough?
Yes, because they act within the lungs.
