Accounting Principles And Procedures Flashcards
What is included within a set of public limited company accounts?
- Chairman’s statement (CEO performance overview)
- Independent auditors report
- Income statement and statement of financial position
- Corporate governance report
- Remuneration report
- Other statutory information
What is a balance sheet?
Statement of financial position - shows its assets and liabilities at a point in time, usually year end
What are cash flows?
These show the actual receipts and expenditure and include VAT
What is a profit and loss account?
Income statement - a summary of the business income and expenditure prepared usually on an annual basis
What is CAPEX and OPEX?
Capital expenditures (CAPEX) are major purchases a company makes that are designed to be used over the long-term.
Operating expenses (OPEX) are the day-to-day expenses a company incurs to keep their business operational.
What accounting controls (or restrictions) should be in place when selecting an accounting system?
There should be limited access to client records
Computer systems should allow users to only access parts of the system required for their role
Only senior management should have authority to open and close client accounts
Bond/deposits should be held separately
What business requirements should be considered when selecting an accounting system?
When selecting an accounting system, firms should consider:
Number and type of client bank accounts required
Size of the client portfolio
Number of transactions to be processed
Types of reports that will be required
Why assess a covenant strength?
Checking the tenants ability to pay rent- risk of default affects security of income.
Affects investment value of property
What is a profits test?
Net profit of a business must be 3 times the rent for 3 consecutive years
How would you assess the covenant strength of a tenant? And how could you improve the covenant?
- Reference from previous landlord and trade references
- 3 years audited accounts and business plan for new business - ask accountant to check this
- profits test
- creditsafe rating
Improve covenant - rent deposit and guarantor
What is the purpose of a creditsafe report?
To look at the credit score given to a company based on a set of criteria - how the business is performing financially