Accommodative and Vergence Dysfunction Flashcards
Occurs when the amplitude of accommodation (AA) is lower than the expected AA for the patient’s age and is not due to sclerosis of the crystalline lens.
ACCOMMODATIVE INSUFFICIENCY
It is a condition in which the AA is normal, but fatigue occurs with repeated accommodative stimulation.
ILL-SUSTAINED ACCOMMODATION
Also called as accommodative inertia
Accommodative infacility
A rare condition in which the accommodative system fails to respond to any stimulus.
PARALYSIS OF ACCOMMODATION
It is the result of overstimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system.
Spasm of accommodation
Receded near point of convergence (NPC)
Convergence insufficiency
A patient having this state has a deviation of similar magnitude at both distance and near
Basic exophoria
A patient having this state has a deviation of similar magnitude at both distance and near or the difference between the far and near exophoria is below 10PD
Basic exophoria
Can be described as exophoria or exotropia at near greater than the far deviation by at least 10 prism diopters (PD).
Convergence insufficiency
Can be described as esophoria or esotropia at near greater than the far deviation by at least 10 prism diopters (PD).
Convergence excess
Patients at this state have tonic esophoria which is high when measured at distance but less at near.
Divergence insufficiency
Can be described as esophoria or esotropia at far greater than the near deviation by at least 10 prism diopters (PD).
DIVERGENCE INSUFFICIENCY
Patients having this has high tonic esophoria at distance, a similar degree of esophoria at near, and a normal AC/A ratio.
Basic esophoria
Patients with fusional vergence dysfunction (vergence insufficiency) often have normal phorias and AC/A ratios but reduced fusional vergence amplitudes.
Fusional vergence dysfunction
May be either comitant and idiopathic or noncomitant, due to muscle paresis or other mechanical cause.
Vertical heterophorias
