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IAAP WAS Flash Cards > Accessibility Testing with Screen Readers > Flashcards

Accessibility Testing with Screen Readers Flashcards

1
Q

True or False: To be compatible with screen readers, web sites must adhere to the principles in the WCAG.

A

True

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2
Q

Which 2 desktop browsers and operating systems does JAWS work best on?

A
  1. Chrome on Windows OS

2. IE on Windows OS

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3
Q

Which 2 desktop browsers and operating systems does NVDA work best on?

A
  1. Firefox on Windows OS

2. Chrome on Windows OS

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4
Q

Which desktop browser and operating system does VoiceOver work best on?

A

Safari on Mac OS

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5
Q

Which desktop browser and operating system does Narrator work best on?

A

Edge on Windows OS

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6
Q

Which mobile browser and operating system does VoiceOver work best on?

A

Safari on iOS

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7
Q

Which mobile browser and operating system does Talkback work best on?

A

Chrome on Android

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8
Q

True or false: Web servers can detect screen readers.

A

False; Screen readers aren’t web browsers, so they don’t interact directly with web servers; they interact with the browser, but not with the server.

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9
Q

People with which of the following disabilities may use screen readers? (Select all that apply)

A. Blindness
B. Low vision
C. Deafblindness
D. Color blindness
E. Deafness
F. Reading disabilities
G. A, B, C, and D
H. B, E, and F
I. A, B, C, and F
J. All of the above
A

I. A, B, C, and F (blindness, low vision, deafblindness, and reading disabilities)

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10
Q

True or False: You can customize web content to screen reader users by detecting which screen reader they’re using.

A

False

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11
Q

Which phone is currently the most popular among blind users?

A. Windows Phone
B. iPhone
C. Android Phone
D. Blackberry Phone

A

B. iPhone

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12
Q

True or False: Screen readers can output to either audio or Braille.

A

True

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13
Q

Which screen readers are available for Windows? (Select all that apply)

A. JAWS
B. VoiceOver
C. TalkBack
D. NVDA
E. Window-Eyes
F. C and D
G. A, D, and E
A

G. A, D, and E (JAWS, NVDA, and Window-Eyes)

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14
Q

True or False: Testing with screen readers is recommended, but is not required, if automated accessibility tests are performed prior to launching web content.

A

False

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15
Q

How long of a JavaScript delay should you set after an AJAX event on desktop to account for the “virtual buffer”?

A

0.5 – 1 second

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16
Q

How long of a JavaScript delay should you set after an AJAX event on mobile to account for the “virtual buffer”?

A

2 seconds

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17
Q

Blind screen reader users are most likely to navigate web content using what?

A. Voice activation
B. Mouse
C. Trackpad
D. Motion detection
E. Keyboard
A

E. Keyboard

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18
Q

How do screen readers treat columns of text created by two floating < div > elements side by side?

A. Screen readers read each column one at a time, starting with the column that appears first in the DOM
B. Screen readers can’t read columns
C. Screen readers read the first line of column 1, followed by the first line of column 2, followed by the second line of column 1, followed by the second line of column 2, and so on.
D. Screen readers read only the first column

A

A. Screen readers read each column one at a time, starting with the column that appears first in the DOM

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19
Q

Do screen readers notify users about the visual placement of items on the page (e.g., explaining columns of text, or floating items with wrapping text)?

A

No

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20
Q

True or False: In their default settings, most screen readers announce every comma and every period.

A

False

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21
Q

True or False: When reading the number 300, if you hear VoiceOver say “Three zero zero” instead of “Three hundred”, it means you need to fix the way you wrote the number.

A

False

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22
Q

Which of the following visual styles do most screen readers in their default settings announce to users while reading in normal browse mode?

A. Bold
B. Italic
C. Background colors
D. All caps
E. Colors
F. Visual placement
G. Indentation
H. None of the above
A

H. None of the above

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23
Q

What do developers need to keep in mind about the virtual buffer of screen readers?

A. Blind users cannot access the virtual buffer
B. The virtual buffer is keyboard-accessible
C. There may be a delay between the time when an AJAX load event is complete and when the virtual buffer is updated
D. The virtual buffer must be invoked via JavaScript

A

C. There may be a delay between the time when an AJAX load event is complete and when the virtual buffer is updated

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24
Q

Which of the following do screen readers read?

A. The source code (i.e. the markup available using “view source”)
B. The DOM (the markup after it has been processed by the browser)
C. The visible text on the screen (e.g. the output as rendered through the graphics processor)
D. All of the above
E. None of the above

A

B. The DOM (the markup after it has been processed by the browser)

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25
Q

In web browser accessibility architecture, what 6 objects are included in the accessibility tree?

A
  1. Name
  2. Description
  3. Role
  4. Property
  5. Relationship
  6. State
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26
Q

What screen readers are compatible with Microsoft Active Accessibility (MSAA)?

A

Jaws and NVDA

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27
Q

True or false: All browsers use the same accessibility API.

A

False

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28
Q

True of false: If two links on the same page go to the same destination, they should have the same link text.

A

True

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29
Q

Which of the following elements allow screen readers to quickly “glance” at the structure of the topics and text content in a web page?

A. Headings
B. Lists
C. Graphics
D. Tables

A

A. Headings

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30
Q

True or False: The only way a screen reader can read non-focusable content (e.g., paragraphs, headings, div elements, etc.) is to start at the beginning of the page and let the screen reader read everything on the page from beginning to end.

A

False

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31
Q

In Table Navigation Mode, users can:

A. Navigate table by table
B. Navigate between cells in a table
C. Generate a list of tables
D. None of the above

A

B. Navigate between cells in a table

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32
Q

Which of the following allow screen reader users to navigate to areas like the main content, footer, or menu sections of a web page?

A. Links
B. Tables
C. Graphics
D. Landmarks

A

D. Landmarks

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33
Q

True or False: Screen reader users sometimes explore forms by navigating through all the form fields before filling any of them out, to give them a better sense of what the form is like.

A

True

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34
Q

What is the default mode of most screen readers?

A

Document, or reading mode

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35
Q

Which screen reader mode allows users to read text, navigate by words, navigate by characters to hear the spelling of words, etc.?

A

Document, or reading mode

36
Q

In Narrator, which screen reader mode is needed to navigate by semantic elements?

A

Scan mode

37
Q

Which screen reader mode only allows users to navigate to focusable elements?

A

Focus mode

38
Q

True or False: Users can use the screen reader’s keyboard shortcuts to navigate to semantic elements when in focus mode.

A

False

39
Q

Which screen reader mode allows web developers to implement all of the keyboard functionality that they need to implement in order to make the application work?

A

Application mode

40
Q

How can developers invoke application mode?

A

Assign role=”application” to a JavasScript widget

41
Q

What are the 2 ways to make regular, non-focusable, text readable in application mode?

A
  1. Associate the text with focusable elements using aria-label or aria-describedby
  2. Wrap the non-focusable text in a document region using role=”document”
42
Q

True or False: If you have any text within a form that is not focusable, users may skip over that text entirely.

A

True; only focusable items and their associated labels or descriptions will be read when tabbing in forms.

43
Q

Which screen reader mode in NVDA allows users to type “H” to go to the next heading?

A. Browse or document mode
B. Focus mode
C. Application mode
D. Forms mode
E. Table navigation mode
F. Scan mode
G. Virtual cursor
A

A. Browse or document mode

44
Q

True or false: VoiceOver on OSX does not differentiate between document/browse mode and focus mode

A

True

45
Q

True or false: Non-focusable text (e.g., regular paragraphs, < div > elements, headings, etc.) are not available to NVDA users in focus mode.

A

True

46
Q

What happens in JAWS when you type the letter “G” when the focus is on a text input, and when JAWS is in forms mode?

A. JAWS says “G” out loud, and the letter “G” is typed in the text field
B. JAWS navigates to the next graphic
C. Nothing
D. JAWS types a smiley face in the text field
E. JAWS enters into Graphics Mode.

A

A. JAWS says “G” out loud, and the letter “G” is typed in the text field

47
Q

Which browsers does the JAWS screen reader work well with?

A

Chrome, Firefox, and Internet Explorer

48
Q

What does JAWS stand for?

A

Job Access with Speech

49
Q

Which browser is recommended for use with JAWS?

A. Chrome
B. Opera
C. Firefox
D. Safari
E. Edge
A

A. Chrome

50
Q

When using JAWS, how do you navigate to the next item?

A. N
B. I
C. Down arrow
D. Up arrow
E. Ctrl + Shift N
F. Caps lock + down arrow
G. Insert + down arrow
H. Tab
I. Not available in JAWS
A

C. Down arrow

51
Q

When using JAWS, how do you navigate to the next heading?

A. Ctrl + Alt + H
B. Ctrl + Shift H
C. Caps lock + H
D. Insert + H
E. H
F. G
G. Not available in JAWS
A

E. H

52
Q

When using JAWS, how do you navigate to the next landmark region?

A. R
B. Ctrl + Alt + L
C. Ctrl + Shift R
D. Caps lock + L
E. Insert + R
F. L
G. Not available in JAWS
A

A. R

53
Q

When using JAWS, how do you pull up the elements list?

A. E
B. Ctrl + Alt + E
C. Ctrl + Shift L
D. Caps lock + F3
E. Insert + F3
F. L
G. Not available in JAWS
A

E. Insert + F3

54
Q

Which browsers does the NVDA screen reader work well with?

A

Firefox and Chrome

55
Q

What does NVDA stand for?

A

Non-Visual Desktop Access

56
Q

Which NVDA mode is used when reading documents or web pages?

A

Browse mode

57
Q

Which NVDA mode is used when users enter a form or other fields that require user input?

A

Focus mode

58
Q

True or False: NVDA automatically switches between Browse and Focus mode.

A

True; users can also toggle them using Insert + Space Bar

59
Q

Which browser is recommended for use with NVDA?

A. Chrome
B. Opera
C. Firefox
D. Safari
E. Edge
F. Internet Explorer
A

C. Firefox

60
Q

When using NVDA, how do you navigate to the next item?

A. N
B. I
C. Down arrow
D. Up arrow
E. Ctrl + Option + Command N
F. Caps lock + down arrow
G. Insert + down arrow
H. Tab
I. Not available in NVDA
A

C. Down arrow

61
Q

When using NVDA, how do you navigate to the next heading?

A. Ctrl + Alt + H
B. Ctrl + Shift H
C. Caps lock + H
D. Insert + H
E. H
F. G
G. Not available in NVDA
A

E. H

62
Q

When using NVDA, how do you navigate to the next landmark region?

A. D
B. Ctrl + Alt + L
C. Ctrl + Shift D
D. Caps lock + L
E. Insert + R
F. R
G. Not available in NVDA
A

A. D

63
Q

When using NVDA, how do you pull up the list of links, headings, and landmarks?

A. E
B. Ctrl + Alt + E
C. Insert + F7
D. Ctrl + Shift F7
E. Caps lock + F3
F. Insert + F3
G. H
H. Not available in NVDA
A

C. Insert + F7

64
Q

Which browser is recommended for use with VoiceOver on iOS?

A. Chrome
B. Opera
C. Firefox
D. Safari
E. Internet Explorer
A

D. Safari

65
Q

When using VoiceOver in iOS, how do you navigate to the next item?

A. Swipe left to right
B. Swipe right to left
C. Swipe down
D. Swipe up
E. Double tap the screen
F. Say "Siri, go to next item"
G. Not available in VoiceOver for iOS
A

A. Swipe left to right

66
Q

When using VoiceOver in iOS, how do you activate a link or a button?

A. Swipe left to right
B. Swipe right to left
C. Swipe down
D. Swipe up
E. Tap on the link or button
F. Double tap on the link or button
G. Double tap the screen anywhere
H. Say "Siri, activate"
I. Not available in VoiceOver for iOS
A

G. Double tap the screen anywhere

67
Q

When using VoiceOver in iOS, how do you pull up the rotor?

A. Swipe left to right
B. Place one finger on the screen and rotate it
C. Place two fingers on the screen and rotate them
D. Place your mouth on the screen and rotate it
E. Swipe right to left
F. Swipe down
G. Swipe up
H. Double tap the screen
I. Say “Siri, show rotor”
J. Not available in VoiceOver for iOS

A

C. Place two fingers on the screen and rotate them

68
Q

When using VoiceOver in iOS, how can you navigate to the next heading?

A. Swipe left to right
B. Set the rotor to navigate by headings, then swipe right
C. Swipe right to left
D. Set the rotor to navigate by headings, then swipe down
E. Swipe up
F. Double tap the screen
G. Say "Siri, go to next heading"
H. Not available in VoiceOver for iOS
A

D. Set the rotor to navigate by headings, then swipe down

69
Q

When using VoiceOver in iOS, how do you navigate by landmarks?

A. Swipe left to right
B. Set the rotor to navigate by landmarks, then swipe right
C. Swipe right to left
D. Set the rotor to navigate by landmarks, then swipe down
E. Swipe up
F. Double tap the screen
G. Say "Siri, go to next landmark"
H. Not available in VoiceOver for iOS
A

D. Set the rotor to navigate by landmarks, then swipe down

70
Q

Which browser is recommended for use with TalkBack?

A. Chrome
B. Opera
C. Firefox
D. Facebook
E. Internet
A

A. Chrome

71
Q

When using TalkBack, how do you navigate to the next item?

A. Swipe left to right
B. Swipe right to left
C. Swipe down
D. Swipe up
E. Double tap the screen
F. Say "OK Google, go to next item"
G. Not available in TalkBack
A

A. Swipe left to right

72
Q

When using TalkBack, how do you activate a link or a button?

A. Swipe left to right
B. Swipe right to left
C. Swipe down
D. Swipe up
E. Tap on the link or button
F. Double tap on the link or button
G. Double tap the screen anywhere
H. Say "OK Google, activate"
I. Not available in TalkBack
A

G. Double tap the screen anywhere

73
Q

When using TalkBack, how do you pull up the Global Context Menu?

A. Swipe left to right
B. Place one finger on the screen and rotate it
C. Place two fingers on the screen and rotate them
D. Swipe down then right
E. Swipe up then right
F. Swipe right to left
G. Swipe down
H. Swipe up
I. Double tap the screen
J. Say “OK Google, show Global Context Menu”
K. Not available in TalkBack

A

D. Swipe down then right

74
Q

When using TalkBack, how do you pull up the Local Context Menu?

A. Swipe left to right
B. Place one finger on the screen and rotate it
C. Place two fingers on the screen and rotate them
D. Swipe down then right
E. Swipe up then right
F. Swipe right to left
G. Swipe down
H. Swipe up
I. Double tap the screen
J. Say “OK Google, show Global Context Menu”
K. Not available in TalkBack

A

E. Swipe up then right

75
Q

Which browser is recommended for use with VoiceOver on macOS?

A. Chrome
B. Opera
C. Firefox
D. Safari

A

D. Safari

76
Q

When using VoiceOver in macOS, how do you navigate to the next item?

A. N
B. I
C. Down arrow
D. Up arrow
E. Ctrl + Option + Command N
F. Caps lock + down arrow
G. Shift + down arrow
H. Control + Option + right arrow
I. Not available in VoiceOver in macOS
A

H. Control + Option + right arrow

77
Q

When using VoiceOver in macOS, which of the following methods can NOT be used to navigate by headings?

A. Ctrl + Option + Command + H
B. Caps lock + H
C. Pull up the rotor, then use the left/right arrow keys to show the list of headings, then select the heading with the down arrow key

A

B. Caps lock + H

78
Q

When using VoiceOver in macOS, how do you navigate by landmarks?

A. Ctrl + Option + R
B. Ctrl + Option + Command + L
C. Caps lock + L
D. Pull up the rotor, then use the left/right arrow keys to show the list of landmarks, then select the heading with the down arrow key
E. L
F. Not available in VoiceOver in macOS
A

D. Pull up the rotor, then use the left/right arrow keys to show the list of landmarks, then select the heading with the down arrow key

79
Q

When using VoiceOver in macOS, how do you pull up the rotor?

A. R
B. Ctrl + Option + U
C. Insert + F7
D. Ctrl + Shift F7
E. Caps lock + F3
F. Shift + F3
G. U
H. Not available in VoiceOver in macOS
A

B. Ctrl + Option + U

80
Q

Which browser is recommended for use with Narrator?

A. Chrome
B. Opera
C. Firefox
D. Safari
E. Edge
F. Internet Explorer
A

E. Edge

81
Q

When using Narrator, how do you navigate to the next item?

A. N
B. I
C. Down arrow
D. Up arrow
E. Ctrl + Option + Command N
F. Caps lock + right arrow
G. Caps lock + down arrow
H. Tab
I. Not available in Narrator
A

F. Caps lock + right arrow

82
Q

When using Narrator, how do you activate scan mode?

A. Ctrl + Alt + S
B. Ctrl + Shift S
C. Caps lock + S
D. Insert + S
E. Space bar
F. Caps lock plus space bar
G. Not available in Narrator
A

F. Caps lock plus space bar

83
Q

When using Narrator, how do you navigate to the next heading (when in scan mode)?

A. Ctrl + Alt + H
B. Ctrl + Shift H
C. Caps lock + H
D. Insert + H
E. H
F. G
G. Not available in Narrator
A

E. H

84
Q

When using Narrator, how do you navigate to the next landmark region (when in scan mode)?

A. D
B. Ctrl + Alt + L
C. Ctrl + Shift D
D. Caps lock + L
E. Insert + R
F. R
G. Not available in Narrator
A

A. D

85
Q

When using Narrator, how do you go to the next cell in a table row?

A. T
B. Ctrl + Alt + C
C. Ctrl + Alt + Right arrow
D. Insert + T
E. Ctrl + Shift T
F. Caps lock + C
G. Insert + R
H. C
I. Not available in Narrator
A

C. Ctrl + Alt + Right arrow

IAAP WAS Flash Cards (15 decks)

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