Accessibility documents & specifications Flashcards
What are the 4 principles of WCAG?
P - Perceivable
Presented in a way that users can perceive (with available senses and tools)
O - Operable
Interactive components must be navigable and operable by available input (mouse, keyboard, voice, etc)
U - Understandable
Content and interface are clear and easily understood
R - Robust
Content is interoperable & readily interpreted by various user agents and AT
What does WCAG stand for?
Web Content Accessibility Guidelines
Describe the structure of WCAG?
Principles (4): the foundation for web accessibility
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Guidelines (13/14): basic goals, overall objectives
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Success Criteria (63/80): testable statements, rated at one of three levels (A, AA, AAA) for verifying conformance
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Techniques: useful for evaluating Success Criteria (sufficient, advisory, failure)
What are the possible ratings for Success Criteria?
A, AA, AAA.
Can a Success Criterion have more than one rating?
No, SCs can only have one rating: A, AA, AAA.
However, conforming to a SC with a higher rating also means confirming the lower rating(s). e.g. Conforming to AA is also conforming to A.
What are the 3 kinds of techniques for meeting WCAG Success Criteria?
Sufficient: successfully meets the criterion
Failure: does not meet the criterion
Advisory: optional or conditional, best practices or possible ways to meet the criterion
T/F:
WCAG only applies to certain devices.
F. WCAG is device-agnostic. It addresses accessibility of web content on desktop and laptop computers, tablets, touch screen kiosks, mobile devices, and more.
T/F:
It is possible to conform to WCAG 2.0 or 2.1, but not both.
F. Because versioning is additive (new criteria are added, but previous ones are not edited or removed), conforming to WCAG 2.1 means also conforming to WCAG 2.0. In practice, only the higher rating is mentioned.
What versions of WCAG exist and what years were they released?
WCAG 1.0 – 1999
WCAG 2.0 – 2008
WCAG 2.1– 2018
WCAG 2.2 – due late 2023
What is the W3C, and what is its role in web accessibility?
W3C: World Wide Web Consortium
It is an internationally recognized web standards group that defines technical specifications (“W3C Recommendations”) for the web. W3C Recommendations for accessibility include WCAG, ATAG, UAAG, and WAI-ARIA.
What does WAI-ARIA stand for?
WAI: Web Accessibility Initiative
ARIA: Accessible Rich Internet Applications
What is WAI-ARIA?
It is a W3C Recommendation for making web content (especially dynamic content) more accessible to assistive technologies. It defines attributes that can be added to HTML to describes roles, properties, and states of common interaction patterns or “widgets”, allowing them to interact with the accessibility API of the OS.
What is WAI-ARIA?
It is a W3C Recommendation for making web content (especially dynamic content) more accessible to assistive technologies. It defines attributes that can be added to HTML to describes roles, properties, and states of common interaction patterns or “widgets”, allowing them to interact with the accessibility API of the OS.
What does ATAG stand for?
Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines
What is ATAG?
It is a W3C Recommendation for web authoring tools (site builders, CMSs, social media sites, discussion forums, etc) to both have an accessible interface and to enable creating accessible content.
