Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

English Paper 2 > Accent And Dialect > Flashcards

Accent And Dialect Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

Idiolect

A
  • is the form of language unique to an individual

- it is influenced by factors such as family, where we live, occupation, hobbies etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Sociolect

A

A style of language used in a particular social group e.g teachers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Identity

A

Means who we are. It can be made up of how we speak,what we wear, what we believe.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Convergence

A

The speech of 2 or more people move closer together.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Divergence

A

The speech of 2 or more people move away from each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Dialect

A

The words you choose to say

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Accent

A

Your pronunciation of words

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What played a huge role spreading regional accents around the uk?

A

Media e.g radio and tv series’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Geographical mobility

A

Moving from one part of the country to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Social mobility

A

Moving between social classes as a result of education, employment, marriage etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cockney rhyming slang

A

Is one of the most famous forms of dialectical variation. Examples of this are: apples and pairs (stairs), pork-pies (lies),Adam and eve (believe)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Standard English

A

The dialect of English that is considered to have the most prestige and is used in the education system and in formal written texts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Slang

A

Referring to words and phrases which are considered informal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Taboo

A

Lexical choices which can be deemed offensive, taboo language includes swearing or using words which are considered inappropriate and unacceptable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Technology influenced words and phrases

A

Words which are usually associated with written technology forms e.g lol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Neologisms

A

A new word/ new use of an old word e.g twerking and emoji

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Occupational register/ jargon

A

Words with a shared understanding between certain groups of people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Received Pronunciation

A

This is the accent traditionally regarded as the standard for British standard English

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Regional accent

A

This is the way you pronounce words depending on where you live

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Code-switching

A

The idea that we don’t use the same language/dialect all the time. It depends on the context and what situation you’re in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

When was the Martha’s Vineyard study and who conducted it?

A

1963 by William Labov

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where is Martha’s Vineyard?

A

Off the east coast of the United States, near New York. It is also an island which means it is an isolated community.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What did Labov discover?

A

He discovered that 30-40 year olds were using older vowel sounds and were diverging to become more traditional. They were marking out their own identity and resisting change.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Why did they feel the need to mark their own identity?

A

Because the island in the 1950’s/60’s was becoming a more popular tourist site.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

When was cockney rhyming slang first used and where?

A

In the 1940/50’s, thught to have been used in the east end of London

26
Q

How does CRS work? Example?

A

It work by replacing a word with a rhyming word/expression.

Joanna = piano, dog and bone = phone

27
Q

Who was it used by?

A

Street sellers, beggars and petty criminals

28
Q

How did CRS make a comeback?

A

It was in danger of dying out, but made a comeback through media and television series such as: the sweeney (1970’s series about detectives) ans only fools and horses

29
Q

What did Mike Coles do?

A

He translated and rewrote some bible stories into a rhyming slang fashion, aiming to re-engage youngsters with the faith.
I want you to buid a big nanny
Nanny, nanny goat = boat

30
Q

Who conducted the matched guise experiment and why?

A

Howard Giles (1975) to test peoples attitudes towards accents

31
Q

How did he conduct this exeriment?

A

He presented a recording of the same speaker using 2 different accents and asked listeners to rate what they heard from 1-10 (1=low, 10=high)

32
Q

What were the results?

A

The teens rated the RP accent higher in terms of competence and intelligence. Liverpool and Birmingham accents were deemed both unpleasant to listen to and lacking in social status

33
Q

What did Peter Trudgill say?

A 
In 2000 he said that RP speakers are percieved as haughty and unfriendly by non-RP speakers unless and until they are able to demonstrate the contrary. 
He aso found out that children with a working class accent and dialect may be thought to have less educational potential than those with middle class accents and dialects (by teahers!).
34
Q

What are the causes of dialect levelling?

A 
Leslie Milroy (2002) argues that increased geographical mobility is a cause
Paul Kerswill believes movement of people led to; greater dialect contact and radical changes in peoples social networks, away from strictly local dialects.
35
Q

What is a pidgin?

A

A language containing lexical and other features from 2 or more languages

36
Q

What is a lingua franca?

A

A language in common

37
Q

What is a creole?

A

A pidgin that has become a mother tongue

38
Q

What is a mother tongue?

A

A person’s language learned from birth

39
Q

What did Dixon, Mahoney and Cox test?

A

Attitudes towards accents in the criminal justice system

40
Q

What did they find out?

A

They found that a suspect was significantly more likely to be thought of as guilty if they spoke with a Birmingham accent rather than a more ‘neutral’ accent

41
Q

What is accentism?

A

Prejudice and descrimination based on a persons accent

42
Q

What is accomodation?

A

A theory associated with Howard Giles suggesting we adjust our speech to ‘accomodate’ the person we are speaking to

43
Q

What is dialect levelling?

A

The way in which dialect terms have been dropping out of use; the process by which dialects converge over time resulting in reduced regional diversity

44
Q

What is Estuary English?

A

A ‘new’ accent used in the south-east of England around the Thames estuary which combines elements of RP with ‘cockney’ and london accents

45
Q

What is familect?

A

A style of language used within a family

46
Q

What is a glottal stop?

A

A closure of the vocal chords to replace /t/ in words like butter and water across some regional accents (like estuary english)

47
Q

What is a proxy?

A

A substitute for someone or something else. Negative attitudes to language varieties are often a proxy for other forms of prejudice.

48
Q

What is Queen’s English?

A

Another name for RP. The accent of the royal family.

49
Q

What is RP?

A

A non-regional accent traditionally associated with high social status

50
Q

What is regional solidarity?

A

Pride in one’s region which causes speakers to intensify their dialect

51
Q

What is TH fronting?

A

The pronunciation of the english “TH” as /f/ or /v/ e.g three = free

52
Q

What is TH stopping?

A

The pronunciation of the english “TH” as /d/ or /t/ e.g thing = ting

53
Q

What is MLE (multicultural london english)?

A

A variety of language used by young people in london and other urban areas. MLE combines elements of the language of different ethnic groups, particularly afro-carribean english

54
Q

What characteristics does the accent of MLE have?

A

Th fronting and th stopping

55
Q

What characteristics does the lexis of MLE have?

A 
‘Ends’ = neighbourhood
‘Wasteman’ = fool, idiot
‘Balling’ = making money, earning
56
Q

What characteristics does the grammar of MLE have?

A

Subject/verb non-agreement = ‘we was running’

Tag questions = ‘innit’

57
Q

What are elocution lessons?

A

Elocution lessons are used to soften accents, seen as helpful in job interviews

58
Q

Why do people use MLE?

A

Because it signifies unity between people of different races.

59
Q

What is an example of a regional accent in high power being descriminated?

A

Angela rayner is an mp who had many complaints that she was ‘thick’ after speaking in parliment due to her northern accent

60
Q

Who represents a strong regional accent on the bbc?

A

Hugh edwards has a strong welsh accent and presents the bbc news at 10

English Paper 2 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions