Ac3

Question 1

Advantages of lombros theory

Answer 1

Lombroso was the first person to give criminology a scientific credibility seen to be the father of criminology
His work heralded the beginnings of offender profiling

Question 2

Disadvantages of lombrosos theory

Answer 2

Not everyone with atavistic features is a criminal and not all criminals have them
Unscientific and no control group due to maybe been not caught being a criminal
Seen as scientific racist not enough science to back his reasoning up

Question 3

Advantages of Sheldon theory

Answer 3

Did find that the criminalgroups were mesomorphic
A number of other studies have confirmed that there is a small association between bodily build and criminality

Question 4

Disadvantages of Sheldon theory

Answer 4

Could not really explain how ecto and endomorphs can also be criminals
Does not take into account that people’s body shape change over time

Question 5

Advantages of xyy theory

Answer 5

Jacob et Al proved their points and said there was a connection chromosome and agressikn
Adlwr etc al 2007 indicated that it is possible that aggressive and violent behaviour is at least partly determined by genetic factors

Question 6

Disadvantages of xyy theory

Answer 6

Deterministic and Focused too heavily on genetics ignores the behaviourist approach-saying every theory is criminal

Question 7

Advantages of twin studies

Answer 7

The results of twin studies have helped in prevention of vulnerable disorders
Natural experiments and make a good control group

Question 8

Disadvantages of twin studies

Answer 8

Small sample may not be represented as whole population
Cases tend to vary lots of factors that influence which doesn’t make it straight forward

Question 9

Advantages of adoption studies

Answer 9

Adopted children are exposed to a different environment to their biological family so it is easier to separate genetic and environmental factors
Studies have concluded that there is a correlation between adopted children and their biological parents

Question 10

Disadvantages of adoption studies

Answer 10

Information about a buologic family is not always available
Age of adoption may mean that the child is already influenced by either there nature parents or Foster environment

Question 11

Advantages of marxism

Answer 11

Explains white collar crime is underpoliced

Question 12

Disadvantages of marxism

Answer 12

Largely ignores other non-class inequalities such as gender or ethnicity
Many prosecjrioms for white collar crime including bernie madoff and wolf of wall street

Question 13

Labelling theory advantages

Answer 13

Showe how law is often enforced in a discriminatory way it highlights the consequences of labelling

Question 14

Labelling theory disadvantages

Answer 14

Fails to explain why deviant behaviour happens in the first place
Ignores the victim of the crime and focuses on the criminal

Question 15

Advantages of right realism

Answer 15

Has helped shaped and produced the government’s research into crime
Offers a more practical approach to tackling crime than its main theoretical procedures such as marxism or labelling

Question 16

Disadvantages od right realism

Answer 16

Ignores wideral structures of crime like poverty
Ignores the increasing gap between poor and rich

Question 17

Advantages of left realism

Answer 17

Recognises multiple causes of crime
Explores the role of the victim of crime especially the poor or vulnerable

Question 18

Disadvantages of left realism

Answer 18

Arguably made up from a mixture of other theories pulled together
Fails to explain white collar crime and corporate crime

Question 19

Who does Robert napper link to

Answer 19

Bowlys theory of attachment

Question 20

Qhat did Robert napper do

Answer 20

Convicted or murder of Rachel nickel and double murder of Samantha Bisset and her 4 year old daughter
He was also thought to be the green chain rapist with 70 attacks across South london that lasted four years and finished in 1993

Question 21

How does Robert napper link to bowls theory

Answer 21

Napper witness his father being violence towards his mother when younger
At 12 he was raped by a family friend
His siblings got moved to Foster homes for mental conditions

Question 22

Who does Fred West link to

Answer 22

Albert banduras theory
Frauds theory
Brain damage

Question 23

What did Fred west do

Answer 23

Committed at least 12 murders of young females
Both involved fred and roses sexual gratification
Buried the bodies in their home
This included Heather West their daughter

Question 24

What happened to Fred West in his past

Answer 24

17 years old had a motorbike accident from received serious head injuries
Fred was also introduced to sex by his mother from a young age
And engaged in acts of bestiality of animals in his early teens

Question 25

What did nick leeson do

Answer 25

Man who fraudulent unauthorised trading which caused the collapse of barings Bank, uks oldest merchant bank
Showed he had gambled away 827 million in barings name

Question 26

Who does nick leeson link to and why

Answer 26

Personality theory
As an extrovert could be argued he enjoyed the thrill and running the risk
Marxism
May be that he wanted to avoid falling into the disadvantaged working class in society
Heavy policed white collar crimes are not monitored by the police and this is why he avoided detection fir so long

Question 27

Advantages of banduras

Answer 27

Replicated in other studies so has research that backs this up
Enhanced by variables like gender so has a good control group

Question 28

Disadvantages of banduras experiment

Answer 28

Unethical
They are strangers and not people thag they would know so may reaxy differently

Question 29

Advantages of freud theory

Answer 29

Importance of childhood experiences are now widely accepted and
Part of the brain have different functions
The therapies have not been successful
Hewitt 2009 as they are extremely time consuming

Question 30

Disadvantages of freud theory

Answer 30

Unscientific and no control

Question 31

Eysenck advantage

Answer 31

Led to physcometric testing
Respected in busines industry’s and user alot

Question 32

Eysenck disadvantage

Answer 32

Self testing and self biased
Personality changes over time